海州湾前三岛海域栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)生长特征与养殖容量的评估  

THE CARRYING CAPACITY OF SCALLOP CHLAMYS FARRERI IN SUSPENDED CULTURE IN QIANSAN ISLETS,HAIZHOU BAY

作　　者：于宗赫[1,2] 陈康[1] 杨红生[1] 刘保忠[1] 邢坤[1,2] 许强[1] 张立斌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2010年第4期563-570,共8页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题;2006BAD09A02号;国家863计划课题;2006AA100304号

摘　　要：2007年7月—2008年6月,在海州湾前三岛附近海域进行了栉孔扇贝深水筏式养殖实验。周年监测了海区的环境因子和栉孔扇贝的生长情况,并利用生物沉积法,现场研究了各生长时期扇贝的滤食作用。结果表明,该海区养殖栉孔扇贝在当年秋、冬季和次年春季生长迅速,夏季生长相对缓慢,周年平均软组织生长速度为11.29mg/d,平均干贝壳生长速度为48.84mg/d,扇贝能够于次年年初达到商品规格(6cm)。不同时期栉孔扇贝滤水率之间差异显著,在扇贝规格相似的情况下,滤水率随水温升高而升高;而水温相近的情况下,滤水率随扇贝规格增大而增加。利用改进的Incze等(1981)的养殖容量模型,评估了该海区养殖容量,结果表明在现有养殖模式下,2007年7、9、11、12月以及2008年3、6月,沿着海流方向适养区域长度分别为4.0、4.6、4.7、5.1、4.5和3.2km,平均为4.35km;垂直于海流方向单位宽度(100m)的海区可以支持的扇贝湿重随着扇贝的生长逐渐增加,到2008年3月份达到最高(16.73t),随后开始下降。The growth of scallop Chlamys farreri suspended-cultured in deep water of Haizhou Bay was studied from July 2007 to June 2008;and a biodeposition method was used to estimate the clearance rate of C.farreri in field conditions.Results show that the scallop grew fast in the culture time,except for summer;the average growth rate of dry tissue weight was 11.29mg/d;the average growth rate of dry shell weight was 48.84mg/d;and the scallop could reach the commercial size（6cm in shell height） at the beginning of the second year.The clearance rate was influenced significantly by water temperature and scallop size,and increased with water temperature rising and scallop growing.A modified model after Incze et al.was used to evaluate the carrying capacity of scallop cultured in this area.Results of test in different seasons show that the suitable length of culture area along current direction was 4.35km in width of 100m,in which the wet weight of scallop increased steadily with growth,reaching the maximum in March 2008 for 16.73t.

关 键 词：栉孔扇贝 离岸养殖 生长 生物沉积法 滤水率 养殖容量 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]