城市饮用水水源地安全评价(Ⅱ):全国评价  

Security assessment of urban drinking water sources Ⅱ. Security assessment for cities in China

作　　者：朱党生[1] 张建永[1] 史晓新[1] 刘卓颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部水利水电规划设计总院,北京100120

出　　处：《水利学报》2010年第8期914-920,共7页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：全国城市饮用水水源地安全保障规划(水利部重大专项)

摘　　要：根据我国城市饮用水水源地全面调查成果。应用本文提出的安全评价指标和方法,对水源地水质、水量安全状况进行了综合评价。分析了不合格水源影响的人口、区域分布及主要原因,并对饮用水水源地风险及应急能力状况进行了定性分析。评价表明,我国城市饮用水水源地安全形势仍十分严峻,全国4 555个城市饮用水水源地中,有638个水质不合格,1 233个水量不合格,水质、水量不合格影响人口有9 480万人,饮用水不安全城市有205个,饮用水源污染风险较高,应急能力偏低。根据水源地安全评价成果,提出了城市饮用水源地安全保障规划工作的主要方向。Based on investigation data the present situation of urban drinking water sources security, including the safety of water quality and quantity, in cities of China was assessed by using the assessment method and indicator system proposed in this paper. The affected population and regional distribution as well as the causes of the unqualified water sources were analyzed. The risk and capability of handling the emergency event of drinking water were also qualitatively assessed. A general assessment shows that the global security status of urban drinking water sources in cities of China is severe. Among the 4 555 cities to be investigated, water qualities in 638 cities are unqualified and water quantities in 1 233 cities can not up to standard. The affected population is about 94.8 million. The drinking water in 205 cities is unsafe. The pollution risks of drinking water sources are high and the emergency handling capabilities of most cities are low. Based on these analysis results, a security assurance plan for urban drinking water sources in China is suggested.

关 键 词：中国城市 饮用水水源地 安全状况 安全评价 

分 类 号：TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]