黄河下游驼峰河段的形成机理  

On the formation mechanism of hump reach of the Lower Yellow River

作　　者：陈建国[1,2] 周文浩[3] 孙平[3] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点试验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京100048 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院水利部水沙科学与江河治理重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《水利学报》2010年第8期921-926,共6页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金项目(50725930);中国水科院科研专项(泥集0920);水利部公益性行业专项(200901014)

摘　　要：黄河下游东坝头至艾山河段,河道泄洪能力小于其上下游河道,被称为"驼峰"河段,其峰顶在高村-孙口一带。本文分析了"驼峰"河段的特点、形成的历史背景、地理环境以及泥沙运动的模式;指出了今后一段时间内"驼峰"河段的淤积及向下游延伸的不可避免性;并提出了机械挖泥与人工放淤相结合,加固大堤和滩区治理相结合的治理对策。The river reach between Dongbatou and Aishan stations of the Lower Yellow River is named the hump reach. Its flood conveying capacity is lower than other reaches in the upper and lower reaches of the river. The formation of the hump reach was resulted from the special historical background and geographical position. It locats at a sub-alluvial fan, which was formed after a serious dam break in 1855 and lies in the transitional area from the larger channel slope of the upper reach to the smaller slope of the lower reach. All of these provide a favorable condition for developing the hump reach. The further evolution of the sub-alluvial fan could be still expectable in the near future. Therefore, the hump reach must be rectified for the needs of flood prevention. The measure of mechanical dredge may be more suitable for this reach. The dredge should be combined with embankment strengthening and improvement of ecolo-environment of the floodplains.

关 键 词：驼峰河段 次生冲积扇 机械挖泥 加固堤防 

分 类 号：TV143[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]