水土保持对黄河流域水资源承载力的影响  

Impacts of soil and water conservation on water resources carrying capacity in Yellow River basin

作　　者：赵建民[1] 陈彩虹[2] 李靖[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100 [2]河北工程大学,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《水利学报》2010年第9期1079-1086,共8页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

摘　　要：采用虚拟水理论建立了水资源承载力评价模型,并应用该模型评价了黄土高原水土保持对黄河流域水资源承载力的影响。计算结果表明:虽然水土保持将每年减少入黄径流8亿～21亿m3,但是黄河流域每年可以因此减少输沙用水46.12亿m3,增加蕴藏在农林牧产品中的"虚拟水"226.42亿m3,总计272.54亿m3,远大于水土保持减水量;扣除水土保持减水量,根据2000年我国人均水足迹,截至"九五"末期,黄土高原水土保持可以使黄河流域水资源多承载人口3974万～4179万,能大幅度提高黄河流域的水资源承载力。The model to evaluate water resources carrying capacity is established based on the theories of virtual water and water footprint, and used to evaluate the impacts of soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau on the water carrying capacity in the Yellow River Basin. Although the decrease in annual runoff in the Yellow River due to soil and water conservation is 0.8 billion to 2.1 billion m3, the annual amount of water used for transporting sediment in the Yellow River decreases by 4.612 billion m3, and the ＂virtual water＂ embedded in products provided by agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry increases by 22.642 billion m3. These two parts of water amounted to 27.254 billion m3, which is far greater than the amount of runoff decreased by soil and water conservation. According to the Chinese per capita water carrying capacity in 2000 and the achievements acquired through soil and water conservation by the end of The Ninth-five-year Plan, the increase in population afforded by water resources in the Yellow River basin is 39.74～41.79 million. Thereby the water resources carrying capacity in the Yellow River basin has been significantly improved by soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：水资源承载力 水土保持 黄河流域 虚拟水 水足迹 

分 类 号：TV211.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]