齿状突Ⅱ型骨折三维有限元模型的建立  

Development of a nonlinear finite element model of the type Ⅱ odontoid fracture

作　　者：任中武[1] 宋海涛[1] 西永明[2] 张美超[3] 田万成[1] 倪斌[4] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第107医院脊柱外科,烟台264000 [2]青岛医学院附属医院骨科 [3]南方医科大学解剖教研室 广东省医学生物力学重点实验室 [4]上海长征医院骨科

出　　处：《中华实验外科杂志》2010年第9期1347-1349,共3页Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery

摘　　要：目的 建立具有详细解剖结构的上颈椎齿状突Ⅱ型骨折（C0-3）三维非线性有限元模型.方法 将CT体层扫描图像导入Mimics软件进行上颈椎三维模型重建,横行去除齿状突基底部骨质,模拟齿状突Ⅱ型骨折.导入有限元软件Ansys 9.0进行分析计算.模型中韧带以非线性的弹性元素建模,分为弹性区和中性区,分别定义元素性质,韧带的起止点及横截面积根据文献确定.在枕骨底施加40N的预载荷和1.5 Nm的力矩使其产生前屈、后伸、旋转、侧屈运动,将模型的活动度（ROM）与齿状突Ⅱ型骨折的体外实验结果对比进行验证.结果 模型有229 047个节点和152 475个单元,寰枢节段运动范围：屈伸38.3度,侧屈20.4度,旋转74.2度,与体外实验结果相符合.结论 建立的上颈椎齿状突Ⅱ型模型具有较高的真实性,可以用于生物力学分析实验.Objective To develop an anatomic detailed finite element model of the type Ⅱ odontoid fracture. Methods The finite element model was constructed by the software Mimics 8. 1 with CT images. Fracture of the base of den was modeled with reference to type Ⅱ odontoid fracture. The meshed model was acquired and finished with Ansys 9. 0. The ligaments were added to the model based on data from the literature. To validate the model of type Ⅱ odontoid fracture, the predicted kinematic data, in term of the range of motion （ ROM） , under different static loading configurations were analyzed and compared against the experimental data. In the analysis, the weight of the skull was simulated by applying vertical load of 40 N on the occiput, and the inferior surface of the C3 vertebral body was fully constrained. Pure moment loading of 1. 5 Nm was applied to the occiput along the various anatomical planes to simulate various movements of the cervical spine under flexion, extension, axial rotation and lateral bending configurations. Results The model consisted of 229 047 nodes and 152 475 elements. The ROM of Cl-2 was; flexion-extension 38. 3° , lateral bending 20. 4° , rotation 74. 2°, and correlated well with the experimental data. Conclusion The anatomic detailed finite element model of the model of type Ⅱ odontoid fracture realistically simulates the complex kinematics of the craniocervical region which can simulate the natural condition and facilitate the further biomeehanical research.

关 键 词：颈椎 生物力学 齿状突 骨折 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]