磷营养和土壤含水量对大豆光合特性的交互影响  

Interaction of phosphorus concentration and soil moisture on photosynthetic traits in soybean plants

作　　者：王旭明[1] 张铮[1] 史刚荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮北师范大学生命科学学院资源植物学安徽省重点实验室,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2010年第5期143-148,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：安徽省高校教师自然科学基金项目(KJ2009B073)

摘　　要：采用盆栽砂培,对不同磷(0.05、0.5、1.02、.0 mmol/L KH2PO4)、水(田间持水量的20%、40%、60%和80%)条件下大豆的光合特性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)低磷和干旱胁迫导致大豆叶片含水量和地上部分生物量显著降低,水分饱和亏缺和根冠比增大。磷营养和土壤含水量对叶片水分饱和亏缺、根冠比、叶片含水量、比叶面积、地上部分生物量具有显著的交互效应。(2)低磷和干旱胁迫显著降低了大豆的叶绿素含量(Chl a、Chl b和Chl a+b),缺磷导致叶绿素a/b比值显著升高,且具有显著的磷×水交互效应。(3)缺磷和干旱胁迫显著降低了Fv/Fm和ΦPSII,并对Fv/Fm具有显著的交互效应。(4)低磷和干旱胁迫下,大豆叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(E)显著减小,气孔限制值(Ls)增大,磷营养和土壤含水量对水分利用效率(WUE)和Ls的交互效应显著。The effects of phosphorus（P） nutrition and soil water availability（W） on the photosynthetic traits of soybean（Glycine max（L.） Merr.） plants were studied in pot experiments.Four levels of P supply（0.05,0.5,1.0 mmol/L and 2.0 mmol/L KH2PO4） were applied by nutrition solution. Before seedling establishment,the pots were kept near 100% of holding water capacity（HWC）.Afterwards,the pots were maintained at 20%,40%,60%,and 80% HWC,respectively.The results were showed as follows：（1） Both the low P and drought stress resulted in a reduction of the leaf water content and shoot biomass,and an increase of the leaf water saturation deficit（WSD） and root/shoot ratio in soybean plants.There was a significant P×W interaction on WSD,root/shoot ratio,leaf water content,specific leaf area,and shoot biomass.（2） The chlorophyll contents（Chl a,Chl b and Chl a＋b） were significantly decreased in seedlings under low P and/or drought stress,while chlorophyll a/b ratio was enhanced in P deficient plants,and it showed significant P×W interaction.（3） Drought stress and P deficient significantly reduced Fv/Fm and ΦPSⅡ,and a significant P×W interaction was observed on Fv/Fm.（4） Both the low P and drought stress caused a decrease in the net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO2 concentration,stomatal conductance,and transpiration rate,but an increase in the stomatal limitation（Ls） in soybean plants.A significant P×W interaction was observed on the water use efficiency and Ls.

关 键 词：大豆 磷营养 干旱 光合作用 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]