京承高速公路径流污染负荷及初期冲刷效应研究  

Research on Runoff Pollution Load and First Flush Effect of Jingcheng Highway

作　　者：李俊奇[1] 毛坤[1] 向璐璐[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑工程学院城市雨水系统与水环境省部共建教育部重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2010年第18期59-63,87,共6页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2010ZX07317-001;2008ZX07314-007);北京市"城市雨水系统与水环境生态技术"学术创新团队资助项目

摘　　要：密云水库是北京市最重要的地表水水源地,高速公路雨水径流污染会对其水质造成严重威胁.2008年雨季选择了4个取样点对京承高速公路的径流污染特征进行研究,结果表明：COD、SS、TP、氨氮及石油类指标的次降雨污染物平均浓度EMC均超过相应的排放标准;重金属的污染程度较轻;估算了京承高速的径流年污染负荷率及负荷量,发现京承高速公路可产生COD381.45 kg/（h㎡·a）、SS 1282.17 kg/（h㎡·a）;以道路径流的主要污染物COD为研究对象,作京承高速COD的累积面污染负荷量随累积径流量的变化曲线,发现京承高速COD存在初期冲刷现象,但是初期冲刷效应显著性不强,20%的径流量挟带的污染物量为24%～70%.且大多数在24%～36%之间.The Miyun Reservoir is the most important surface water source in Beijing. The highway stormwater runoff pollution poses a serious threat to its water quality. Four sampling points were selected to study the Jingeheng highway runoff characteristics in the rainy season 2008. The results show that e- vent mean concentrations of COD, SS, TP, NH4＋ - N and oil all excess the corresponding discharge standards, and the pollution of heavy metals is slighter. Through estimating the annual runoff pollution load and load rate of Jingcheng highway, it is found that 381.45 kgCOD/（hm2 ~ a） and 1 282.17 kgSS/ （hm2 ~ a） are generated per hectare per year respectively. When COD is the major pollutant, the varia- tion curve of COD cumulative pollution load with cumulative runoff shows that the first flush phenomenon of COD exists, but its effect is not very obvious. The amount of pollutants carried in 20% runoff is 24% to 70% and the most is between 24% and 36%.

关 键 词：高速公路 次降雨污染物平均浓度 污染负荷量 初期冲刷 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]