重庆市雷电灾害状况及其农村防雷建议  

Lightning Disaster Status and Suggestions of Protection of Country in Chongqing

作　　者：骆方[1] 叶月珍[1] 杨磊[1] 曾理[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市防雷中心,重庆401147

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第18期415-418,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：为了摸清重庆雷电灾害(简称雷灾)的现状、时空分布及农村地区的雷灾成因与防治对策,笔者在重庆市34个代表站1998—2008年共11年的雷灾数据的基础上就雷灾现状、时空分布及农村地区发生环境、灾害受体等方面进行了分析研究,得出了以下初步结果:①重庆雷灾次数与区域雷暴日数基本一致,呈1年高1年低或2高1年低的趋势;②雷灾多发生在城市,其事故数量及经济损失远远超过农村;③重庆的雷灾密度中心有两个:即主城及其以东相邻地区,黔江和秀山;④雷灾人员伤亡主要发生在农村(占92.7%),户内是主要发生环境,雷灾死亡数与死伤数之比户外远高于户内;⑤农村地区雷灾的经济损失、数量主要表现在公共设施、电气设备、建筑物上,表明了直击雷和雷电波入侵是雷灾的主要途径;⑥针对该市农村的实际情况,提出了农村防雷对策。In order to know clearly the status and time-space distribution of lightning disaster, disaster cause and control countermeasure of country in Chongqing, this paper analyzed the status and time-space distribution of lightning disaster, disaster environment and receptor of country based on the 11 years lightning disasters data in 34 representation stations of Chongqing during 1998-2008. The preliminary conclusions were as below： ①the times of lightning disasters were basically the same as it of the region thunderstorm days： the trend 1 years high and another year low or 2 years high and another year low; ②the lightning disaster mostly occured in city, and the number of accident and economic loss in city was far more than that in country; ③ there were 2 density centers of lightning disaster in Chongqing： the main cities and its eastern areas, Qianjiang and Xiushan; ④the casualties were main in country （92.7%） and usually occured indoors, which was far more than that occured outdoors; ⑤the economic loss and amount were mainly in public facilities, electric equipments and building, these indicated that the direct lightning and lightning surge were the main ways caused disasters; ⑥in view of existing situation in country, these countermeasures were given.

关 键 词：雷电 灾害 现状 农村 防御对策 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]