土地利用变化对盐城自然保护区湿地景观的影响  

Effects of Land Use Change on Wetland Landscapes in the Yancheng Nature Reserve

作　　者：孙贤斌[1,2] 刘红玉[2] 傅先兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]皖西学院城市建设与环境系,六安237012 [2]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210046

出　　处：《资源科学》2010年第9期1741-1745,共5页Resources Science

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金:"基于地理-生态过程的江苏海滨湿地保护与土地利用优化研究"(编号:20070319001);安徽省教育厅社科项目(编号:2010sk397);安徽省人文地理学重点学科建设项目(皖西学院)

摘　　要：以江苏盐城海滨为研究区域,利用GIS技术分析区域土地利用变化对盐城保护区湿地景观多样性和优势度影响,并探讨人类干扰强度、湿地景观变化与核心区景观连通性的相关关系。结果显示:①1987年-2007年,盐城海滨区域和自然保护区内土地利用结构均发生显著变化:耕地逐渐增加,自然湿地迅速减少、人工湿地逐渐增加,人类对湿地景观的干扰程度逐渐加剧;②区域土地利用变化使自然湿地面积比重和景观优势性呈减小趋势,景观多样性呈增大趋势,缓冲区自然湿地面积减小最显著;③盐城海滨区域土地利用变化使保护区核心区与缓冲区、实验区之间,以及与周边区域之间的景观生态过程和联系减弱;④随着人类干扰度的增加,自然湿地比重和景观连通性也相应下降,并且呈现显著的相关性。Wetland ecosystems are landscapes of the highest biodiversity in nature and one of the most important environmental resources for human welfares.Due to irrational exploitation and utilization,wetlands are facing with severe losses all over the globe,which has received much attention by international communities and governments.Actions should therefore be taken to protect wetlands.In particular,changes in coastal wetlands and studies regarding their impact on the Nature Reserve have received increasing attention.The Yancheng coastal wetlands and Nature Reserve were investigated in the present work based on remote sensing and GIS techniques.The spatio-temporal evolution of the coastal wetlands and its impact on landscape connectivity and the disturbance intensity of landscape were analyzed in detail.It is indicated that the changes in landscape over coastal wetlands show particularly important impacts on the landscape structure and functions in the Nature Reserve.The land use structure in the coastal areas of Yancheng has undergone great changes from 1987 to 2007.It was also found that the farmland area percentage increased from 36.72%to 46.17%,and the artificial wetland area percentage increased from 9.96%to 18.72%.By contrast,the natural wetland area percentage decreased from 44.4%to 26.01%.With more land use activities,the intensity of human disturbance to land has increased from 1987 to 2007.It was demonstrated that a series of ecological problems were caused by increasing human disturbance to land,such as landscape shape complexity,low landscape ecological connectivity and more intensive fragmentation of natural wetlands.As a result of landscape ecological connectivity,functions and ecological processes,movement and flow energy in a landscape have declined.Ecological processes and functions of wetlands in the coastal areas varied to certain degree over the study area in the year 2007.With the growing intensity of human activities in coastal wetlands,the size of natural wetland patches progressively decreased,a

关 键 词：土地利用 湿地景观 自然保护区 海滨 盐城 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F205[经济管理—国民经济]