2005年夏季长江口水域浮游植物群集特征及其与环境因子的关系  

Feature of phytoplankton assemblages in Yangtze River estuary and its relationship with environmental factors in summer 2005

作　　者：栾青杉[1,2] 孙军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《生态学报》2010年第18期4967-4975,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-213-2;KZCX3-SW-232);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2006CB400605);国家自然科学基金项目(40676089)

摘　　要：根据2005年9月8—15日在长江口及其邻近水域(30.5°32.5°N,121.0°123.5°E)进行的多学科外业航次调查所获资料,对调查区浮游植物的群集特征及其与环境因子之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明:鉴定浮游植物98种(含变种和变型),硅藻是浮游植物中的主要类群;浮游植物生态类型多为温带近岸种,少数为暖水种和大洋种;优势种主要为多尼骨条藻、尖刺伪菱形藻、柔弱几内亚藻、翼鼻状藻细长变型和柔弱伪菱形藻;细胞丰度平均为256.4个·mL-1,高值出现在调查区的中部偏南及东北部海域;Margalef物种丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数、Pielou'均匀度指数的分布显示:调查区东南部海域浮游植物多样性程度较高,物种均一性较好。物种与环境的典范对应分析显示:甲藻与环境因子中溶解氧的关系较为密切;多尼骨条藻与海水中硅酸盐和硝酸盐的关系较为密切,与海水盐度有很大的负相关性;各物种在排序图中的位置反映了其对不同环境资源的生态需求。A multi-disciplinary investigation was carried out during 8th to 15th in September 2005 in Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent coastal waters （30.5°—32.5°N,121.0°—123.5°E）.Phytoplankton and water samples were collected using 5 L Niskin bottles at the depth of 0 m,5 m,10 m,20 m,30 m and sea floor.The samples were subsequently fixed with buffered formaldehyde-seawater solution at a final concentration of about 2% to 5% in 250 mL polyethylene bottles.Cell enumeration and species identification were performed by using an inverted microscope （American Optical Ltd.USA） at 100X or 400X magnification after sedimentation for at least 24 h in 25 mL Utermhl chambers.Phytoplankton were identified to the lowest taxon （genus or species level）.Physico-chemical parameters were measured in situ and nutrient concentrations （nitrate,nitrite,ammonia,phosphate and silicate） were determined colorimetrically.Canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） was applied to clarify the inter-relationship between the different phytoplankton species distribution associated with their habitat environmental conditions.CCA biplots were then performed by using the software CANOCO （version 4.0） after the lg （x＋1） normalization of the species and environment data matrixes.The minimum and maximum values of water temperature （℃）,salinity,pH,and dissolved oxygen （mg L-1） were：23.2—27.3;0.1—34.1;6.7—9.4 and 4.4—16.9 respectively.The ranges of nitrate,nitrite,phosphate,silicate and ammonia were：0.04—94.4;0.01—2.6;0.03—1.7;0.14—171.9 and 0.01—4.9 （μmol L-1） respectively.Chlorophyll-a varied from 0.2 to 9.9 （μg L-1）.Based on the data that collected both in situ and in laboratory,the characteristics of phytoplankton assemblage and their relationships with the environmental factors were studied.Presently,a total of 98 species of phytoplankton were recorded and the diatoms （Bacillariophyceae） formed predominant group.Out of 65 species of diatoms （Bacillariophyceae）,25 spec

关 键 词：浮游植物 群集结构 多尼骨条藻 典范对应分析 长江口 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]