下腰椎腰动脉的应用解剖学研究  

Applied anatomy study of the arteries of lower lumbar vertebrae

作　　者：孙兆忠[1] 仲江波[1] 房清敏[1] 王大巍[1] 王光林[1] 耿晓鹏[1] 张汉立[1] 邢建强[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省滨州医学院附属医院脊柱外科,滨州256600

出　　处：《中国矫形外科杂志》2010年第17期1453-1456,共4页Orthopedic Journal of China

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划资助(编号:2007HZ041)

摘　　要：[目的]研究下腰椎侧方动脉的分布规律,为减少下腰椎侧方入路中的术中出血提供解剖学依据。[方法]解剖观测21具成人尸体的下腰椎腰动脉(lower lumbar artery,LLA)的起点至横突前的走行、分支、外径及其与椎间孔及横突前区的关系,对具有临床意义的数据进行解剖学测量。[结果]各腰动脉(lumbar artery,LA)出现率差异较大;L3A和L4A在椎体侧方走行较恒定,L5A走行变异较大;L3A及L4A主干及其分支多分别行于L3椎弓根外侧缘(71.43%)和L4、5椎间孔上1/3处(62.07%);在横突前区,L3A和L4A的横突前支多分别由横突间隙上1/3内侧斜向外下达中1/3外侧(60%)及由上1/3向下达下1/3处(58.33%)。[结论]腰椎椎体侧方、椎间孔附近及横突前区的动脉走行、分支具有一定的规律性,掌握其解剖学特点可有效减少术中出血,缩短手术时间。[Objective]To study the anatomical characteristic of lower lateral lumbar artery and to provide academic basis to reduce arterial bleeding in the lower lumbar lateral surgical approach. [Methods]Anatomical observation arteries of lower lumber vertebrae was carried out in 21 dissected adult corpses from their origin to the processus transversus-the routes,branches,exterior diameter of these arteries and their relationship with the intervertebral foramen and prezone of processus transversus was analyzed.[Results]Different LAs appearred in different rates here.The appearance rates of L3A and L4A remained constant while that of L5A was quite variable.The main trunks and branches of L3A and L4A were distributed at the rate of 71.43% in the lateral border of the pedicle of vertebral arch of L3A and 62.07% in the 1/3 of intervertebral foramen of L4、5A.In the prezone of processus transversus,the anterior branches of L3A and L4A originated mostly from the inner side of point upper 1/3,then slanted outward down to the outer side of middle point 1/3 at the rate of 60% or from the upper 1/3 point down to the lower 1/3 point at the rate of 58.33%.[Conclusion]A good treatment of the arteries near the lumbar vertebrae,intervertebral foramen and those in the prezone of processus transversus is an effective way to reduce bleeding in a certain operation.

关 键 词：下腰椎 腰动脉 应用解剖 手术入路 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]