颈动脉狭窄的手术治疗  

SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CAROTID STENOSIS

作　　者：刘鹏[1] 叶志东[1] 樊雪强[1] 王非[1] 林凡[1] 曹德生[1] 杨煜光[1] 王凤林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中日友好医院心脏.血管外科,北京100029

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2010年第9期1027-1029,共3页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

摘　　要：目的总结颈动脉内膜切除术(carotid endarterectomy,CEA)治疗颈动脉狭窄的临床经验及疗效。方法 1998年10月-2010年1月,对215例颈动脉狭窄患者行CEA治疗。男140例,女75例;年龄51～88岁,平均66岁。术前有短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA)127例,有脑梗死病史31例。患者术前均行选择性颈动脉造影检查和/或CT血管造影明确颈动脉狭窄,狭窄程度均>80%,同时伴对侧颈动脉狭窄或闭塞45例。合并冠状动脉病变96例,其中25例同期行冠状动脉搭桥术;合并外周血管病变43例并同期处理。结果术后155例获随访,随访时间6～72个月。其中148例术前临床症状均改善。术后1周内2例出现脑出血,1例经保守治疗后好转出院,1例死亡。术中1例舌下神经损伤、4例面神经下颌缘支损伤者,均未作特殊治疗。术后7～24个月25例手术部位再狭窄,狭窄程度均<25%且患者无TIA症状,未作特殊处理。1例随访3年时死于急性心肌梗死,其余患者均病情稳定。结论 CEA是治疗颈内动脉狭窄的一种安全、有效方法。Objective To summarize clinical experience of carotid endarterectomy （CEA） in treating severe carotid stenosis. Methods Between October 1998 and January 2010, 215 patients with carotid stenosis were treated with CEA. There were 140 males and 75 females with an average age of 66 years （range, 51-88 years）. Transient ischemic attack （TIA） occurred in 127 cases, and 31 cases had history of cerebral infarction. All cases were diagnosed definitely by selective angiography and/or CT angiography, and stenosis degree was more than 80%; contralateral carotid artery was also involved in 45 cases. Ninty-six cases were found to have coronary artery stenosis by coronary angiography. CEA and coronary artery bypass grafting were performed simultaneously in 25 cases. Peripheral arterial disease was found in 43 cases and treated at the same time. Results A total of 155 patients were followed up 6-72 months. The clinical symptom significantly alleviated in 148 cases postoperatively. Two cases had complication of cerebral hemorrhage within 1 week postoperatively; one died and the other was resumed after the conservative treatment. One case had hypoglossal nerve injury. Four cases had injuring marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve, and no special treatment was given. Restenosis was found in 25 patients, and the stenosis degree was less than 25%; moreover, the patients had no TIA. One case died of heart attack at 3 years of follow-up period. Conclusion CEA is an effective and safe method for treating severe carotid stenosis.

关 键 词：颈动脉内膜切除术 颈动脉狭窄 短暂性脑缺血发作 脑梗死 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]