有丝分裂雌核发育牙鲆的微卫星鉴定  

Identification of mitogynogenetic Japanese flounder (Paralichthyso livaceus) using microsatellite marker

作　　者：刘海金[1,2] 陆桂[2,3] 王晓梅[1] 刘永新[1] 王玉芬[4] 王桂兴[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141 [2]中国水产科学研究院鲆鲽类遗传育种功能实验室,河北秦皇岛066100 [3]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [4]中国水产科学研究院北戴河中心实验站,河北秦皇岛066100

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2010年第5期889-894,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD01A1207);国家鲆鲽类产业技术体系(NYCYTX-50);国家农业行业科研专项(nyhyzx-46)

摘　　要：通过静水压抑制卵裂方法获得多个牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)有丝分裂雌核发育家系,在仔鱼阶段经历大批死亡后,将各个家系残存的个体混合饲养,24个月后获得1批存活个体。利用11对微卫星分子标记,对173尾有丝分裂雌核发育牙鲆进行分析,结果表明,其中111尾在11位点全部纯合,62尾在部分位点杂合,平均杂合子比例为0.2338。11个位点的等位基因数为4～8,平均等位基因数为5.0336,有效等位基因数为2.0421～5.1268,平均有效等位基因数为3.2815。采用NJ法对111尾纯合牙鲆的亲缘关系进行聚类分析,可分为4群。微卫星标记鉴定结果表明,通过静水压抑制卵裂法可以获得完全纯合的牙鲆,但有部分杂合个体出现。分析其原因,可能是由于某些卵子发育不同步,静水压抑制其第二极体排出而非全部抑制卵裂,导致减数分裂雌核发育所致。Gynogenesis was considered to be a useful method to generate clonal lines in fish.Mitogynogenesis has been successfully applied to several fishes.In this study,mitogynogenesis was carried out in Japanese flounder,Paralichthysolivaceus,by fertilizing eggs with UV-irradiated heterologous sperms of red sea bream,Pagrusmajor.One hundred and seventy-three mitogynogenetic diploids belonging to different families had been mixedly raised for 24 months.Eleven microsatellite markers were used to examine homozygosity and genetic relationship of mitogynogenetic Japanese flounders.The results showed that among the 173 mitogynogenetic diploids 111 individuals were completely homozygous at all 11 loci,and 62 were heterozygous at partial loci.The number of the alleles（A） ranged from four to eight,and average number of alleles was 5.0336.Effective allele（sN e）were from 2.0421 to 5.1268,and average number of effective alleles was 3.2815.The genetic distance of 111 homozygous individuals was calculated and the cluster analysis was carried out by NJ method.All individuals were pooled into four groups.The results revealed that residual heterozygosity still remained in mitotic gynogenetic diploids.Heterozygous fish was obtained through mitogynogenesis as a result of the presence of meiogynogenesis.Therefore,precise assessment of the homozygosity of mitotic gynogenetic diploids is necessary for successful clonal lines.

关 键 词：牙鲆 有丝分裂雌核发育 纯合性 亲缘关系 微卫星 

分 类 号：Q959.486[生物学—动物学] S917[农业科学—水产科学]