土人参小孢子的发生和雄配子体的发育  

Microsporogenesis and development of male gametophyte in Talinum paniculatum(Portulacaceae)

作　　者：王仲礼[1] 孔冬瑞[1] 宿红艳[1] 谢丽莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2010年第4期385-390,共6页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

摘　　要：选取马齿苋科土人参[Talinum paniculatum(Jacq.)Gaertn.]为材料,利用常规石蜡制片技术,对其小孢子发生及雄配子体发育进行了观察,主要结果如下:(1)花药具有4个花粉囊,药壁发育为单子叶型,由表皮、药室内壁、中层和绒毡层4层细胞组成,绒毡层为分泌型。绒毡层细胞为两核。(2)孢原细胞为单孢原起源,小孢子母细胞减数分裂时胞质分裂为同时型。(3)四分体为四面体形和左右对称形两种类型,其中以四面体形为主。(4)成熟花粉粒为三细胞型,具4或5个萌发孔,其中5个萌发孔的占多数。Observations were made on microsporogenesis process and the development of male gametophytes of Talinum paniculatum（Portulacaceae）,using a species of core eudicots,by means of conventional paraffin sections.The main results can be concluded as follows： The anther has four pollen sacs.The anther wall comprises the epidermis,endothecium,a single middle layer and tapetum.The developmental type of anther wall conforms to monocotyledonous type.Tapetum cell with two nuclei is of secretory type.The archesporium is a single row of cells in each lobe.After first periclinal division of archesporium cell,it gives two layers,primary sporogenous cell and primary parietal cell,and the latter develops microspore mother cell directly.During the meiotic of microspore mother cells,cytokinesis of microsporocyte is of simultaneous type.The microspore tetrads have two types which are tetrahedral and isobilateral.Among them,tetrahedral tetrads are in the majority.Mature pollen grain is of the three-celled type and has four or five apertures.The taxonomic implications of pollen apertures were discussed.

关 键 词：土人参 小孢子发生 雄配子体 花粉孔 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学] Q944.774