湘西黄牛毛色控制基因MC1R多态性研究  

The Polymorphism of MC1R Gene Responsible for Coat Color in Xiangxi Yellow Cattle

作　　者：燕海峰[1] 李志才[1] 易康乐[1] 张佰忠[1] 舒鸣[1] 朱立军[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省畜牧兽医研究所,湖南长沙410131

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2010年第4期14-20,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：湖南省科技攻关项目(2007WK3028)

摘　　要：为了将毛色遗传标记作为湘西黄牛杂交组合选择、纯种鉴别、保种选育的科学理论依据,应用PCR-RFLP技术,研究了湘西黄牛黑素皮质素受体1(Melanocortin 1 Receptor,MC1R)基因对其黑毛色和红毛色表型的影响机制。结果表明:湘西黄牛中MC1R基因有三个等位基因(ED、E+、e);隐性的e基因在310处缺失一个碱基G造成移码突变,在468处提前终止翻译,翻译出一个缩短了的失去功能的MC1R蛋白,表现或强或弱的红毛色;E+所对应的是野生型毛色,如黄色、灰色等;湘西黄牛中黄色个体优势等位基因为E,而红色个体优势等位基因为e,e相对E是隐性基因,只有在e等位基因纯合状态下,才表现为红色毛色;E+/e也表现为红色,可能湘西黄牛红色和黄色表型除了有MC1R基因控制外,还有其它基因参与作用。The mechanism of MC1R gene controlling of the coat color （black and red ） in Xiangxi Yellow Cattle （XYC） was studied using of PCR-RFLP, so as to use the coat color as a genetic marker for breeding improvement. It indicated that there were three alleles in the MC1R gene in XYC. There was adeletion of one base G at the 310 location in the recessive e gene, which called frameshift mutation,so the translation was stopped ahead of time and produced MC1R protein without function, then the red coat color （weak or strong） was produced. The allele E^＋ resulted in the wild type coat color, such as yellow and grey etc.

关 键 词：湘西黄牛 MC1R 毛色 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]