微乳液萃取镓的研究  

Study on the extraction of gallium by micro-emulsions

作　　者：赵西丹[1] 卢艳敏[1] 杨延钊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学化学与化工学院,山东济南250100 [2]特种功能聚集体材料教育部重点实验室(山东大学),山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东大学学报（理学版）》2010年第9期109-112,共4页Journal of Shandong University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20876089);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(Y2007B05)

摘　　要：研究了两种不同类型的微乳液萃取镓的热力学。微乳液的组成分别为十六烷基三甲基溴化铵/正丁醇/正庚烷/HC l(溶液)和油酸钠/正戊醇/正庚烷/HC l(溶液)。对比两种不同表面活性剂组成的微乳液,分别考察了萃取时间、水油比、盐酸浓度和萃取剂含量等因素对萃取的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件,同时探讨了表面活性剂的性质对萃取的影响。结果表明,微乳液萃取镓的速率快,萃取率高达98%,而不同种类表面活性剂会对萃取产生很大影响;该微乳液被证明是一种非常优秀的萃取介质。The thermodynamics of gallium extraction by two different kinds of micro-emulsions were studied. The microemulsion, which contained cationic surfactant or anionic surfactant, was composed of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （ CTAB ）/n-butanol/n-heptane/HCl （solution） or sodium oleate （NaOL）/n-pentanol/n-heptane./HCl （solution）. Variables such as equilibrium time, volume ratio between two phases, HCl＇s molarity and extractant concentration were tested, and the optimized conditions of extraction were fixed. The effects of different nature of the surfactants on the extraction were also discussed. The results showed that, in a quite short time, the extraction ratio by the microemulsion systems could achieve 98%. Microemulsion was proved to be an outstanding extraction medium.

关 键 词：微乳液 阳离子表面活性剂 阴离子表面活性剂 镓 萃取 

分 类 号：O69[理学—化学]