干旱区胡杨根际微生物数量及其影响因子  

Study on Populations of Microorganisms in Populus euphratica Rhizosphere and Their Affecting Factors in Arid Area

作　　者：杨玉海[1] 陈亚宁[1] 李卫红[1] 陈永金[2] 吕东英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院绿洲生态与荒漠环境重点实验室中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]聊城大学环境与规划学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2010年第5期719-725,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：中国科学院"西部之光"(RCPY200801);国家自然科学基金(40871059);国家支撑计划(2006BAC01A03)项目资助

摘　　要：以塔里木河干流下游胡杨为研究对象,基于传统平板培养法所获数据,分析胡杨根际微生物数量总体特征、不同土层深度胡杨根际微生物数量季节及垂直变化,并利用相关分析和因子分析,探讨胡杨根际微生物数量与土壤特性间的相互关系。结果表明:胡杨根际细菌、放线菌、真菌数量差异较大,其中细菌在微生物区系组成中占据优势地位,其次是真菌。胡杨根际微生物数量不仅在春、秋季节有很大差异,且在60～180cm土层内存在垂直变化,其中60cm土层处胡杨根际微生物数量最多。胡杨根际细菌、放线菌数量与土壤特性间无显著相关性,而真菌数量则受土壤特性影响,其中土壤有效磷含量高低对真菌数量影响最显著。Populus euphratica is a tree species growing in the marginal zone of barren deserts or semi-barren deserts.It is acclaimed by its high survival and biomass production in the arid areas of Mongolia,China,Pakistan,Iraq and Iran.Thanks to the tolerance to severe drought and high soil saline or alkaline content,P.euphratica is very important in maintaining ecosystem functions in arid and semiarid regions.In this paper,the general characters and the seasonal and vertical changes of the populations of microorganisms in P.euphratica rhizosphere are analyzed based on the data of microorganisms in P.euphratica rhizosphere at different soil layers of 60-230 cm in vertical depth in 2008.In addition,the relationship between soil properties and populations of microorganisms in P.euphratica rhizosphere is examined using the correlation analysis and factor analysis.The results show that,in the extremely arid lower reaches of the Tarim River,the soil is holistically saline or alkaline and barren with low organic matter content and soil moisture content,there are the obvious differences in bacteria,actinomyces and fungi,and the microbial flora composition is dominated by bacteria,and then fungi.Populations of microorganisms in P.euphratica non-rhizosphere are very poor compared with those in rhizosphere,especially fungi.The populations of microorganisms in P.euphratica rhizosphere change not only in spring and autumn,but their vertical change in soil depth of 60-180 cm is also obvious.Specifically,the populations of microorganisms in P.euphratica rhizosphere in autumn are richer than those in spring,and they are the most at soil depth of 60 cm.There are no the significant correlations between the populations of bacteria and actinomyces and the soil properties in P.euphratica rhizosphere,but the population of fungi is affected by soil properties,especially by soil available phosphorus content.

关 键 词：胡杨(Populus euphratica) 根际 微生物 土壤特性 塔里木河 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]