密花柽柳(Tamarix arceuthoides)春夏两季种子的萌发行为  

Study on Germination of Tamarix arceuthoides Seeds in Spring and Summer

作　　者：严成[1] 魏岩[2] 王磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2010年第5期750-754,共5页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30770374);国家科技支撑计划课题(2007BAC17B03)资助

摘　　要：密花柽柳(Tamarix arceuthoides)具有两季开花结实特性,通过对春花期与夏花期种子的形态和萌发特性的比较,结果表明:密花柽柳春花期种子与夏花期种子在形状、大小、颜色上无显著差异。新采收的春花期种子与夏花期种子在5～15℃,5～25℃,15～25℃和25～35℃4个温变周期下都能够快速萌发,且春花期种子比夏花期种子的萌发速率快,春花期种子萌发率达到50%仅需要2～36h。浓度低于0.2mol/L的NaCl溶液对密花柽柳春花期种子和夏花期种子萌发的影响不大;但从0.4mol/L起萌发率随着浓度增高而降低,直至为0;将在盐溶液中处理8d的种子转移至蒸馏水后,萌发恢复率均为0,表明NaCl处理后的春花期种子和夏花期种子永久地失去萌发力。室温储存2个月密花柽柳春花期种子和夏花期种子的活力保持在80%以上,之后随着贮藏时间的延长种子活力逐渐下降,贮藏6个月时春花期和夏花期的种子活力均下降40%～50%。Tamarix arceuthoides has the bi-seasonal flowering and fructification characteristics.In this paper,the morphological features and germination of T.arceuthoides seeds matured in spring and summer are researched.The results show that there was no significant difference in the external morphological features,size and color between the seeds fructified in different florescences.Freshly-harvested seeds matured in spring and summer could germinate in a wide temperature regime range（5-15 ℃,5-25 ℃,15-25 ℃ and 25-35 ℃）.The germination of spring seeds was rapider than that of summer ones,and only 2-36 hours were needed when the germination rate reached 50%.The effect of NaCl with concentrations below 0.2 mol/L on the germination of the seeds matured in spring and summer was not so significant,but the germination rate was decreased till to zero with the increase of NaCl concentration from 0.4 mol/L.After the seeds were incubated in NaCl solution for 8 days and then transferred to distilled water,the germination rate was 0,which reveals the germination capability of T.arceuthoides seeds will be lost forever if the seeds are treated with NaCl solution.Germination percentage of the seeds was decreased after the seeds were stored for 2 months under natural temperatures in laboratory.The germination capability of T.arceuthoides seeds can last for about 360 days only.

关 键 词：密花柽柳(Tamarix arceuthoides) 花期 种子萌发 

分 类 号：Q945.34[生物学—植物学]