含多酯基不对称阳离子Gemini表面活性剂的合成及性能  

Synthesis and properties of an unsymmetrical cationic Gemini surfactant with more ester groups

作　　者：徐冬青[1] 潘忠稳[1] 刘玉莹[1] 李凯波[1] 何领[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学化学化工学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《化学研究与应用》2010年第9期1117-1121,共5页Chemical Research and Application

摘　　要：报道了一种含多酯基不对称阳离子Gem in i表面活性剂(Ⅰ)的合成。在甲醇钠催化下,N,N-二甲基乙醇胺与邻苯二甲酸二甲酯酯交换制得二(N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)邻苯二甲酸酯(Ⅱ),收率92%(以邻苯二甲酸二甲酯计);氯乙酸分别与十二醇、十六醇反应合成氯乙酸十二醇酯(Ⅲ)和十六醇酯(Ⅳ),产率分别为93%(以十二醇计)、91%(以十六醇计);(Ⅱ)与(Ⅲ)反应,经石油醚洗涤除去杂质后,再与(Ⅳ)季铵盐化,经乙腈重结晶,得白色晶体(I),采用两相滴定法测定其质量分数为99.5%,收率59%(以氯乙酸十二醇酯计)。用IR1、HNMR、元素分析表征了其结构,测定了其CMC和γCMC,研究了其乳化性和泡沫性质。An unsymmetrical cationic Gemini sunfactant with more ester groups（Ⅰ）was reported in this paper.A yield of bis [2-（dimethylamino）ethyl]phthalic ester（Ⅱ）was 92%（based on dimethyl terephthalate）by reacting dimethyl terephthalate with dimethylaminoethanol in the presence of sodium methoxide.The chloroacetic dodecanol ester（Ⅲ）and chloroacetic hexadecanol ester（Ⅳ）were obtained respectively by reacting chloroacetic acid with dodecanol or hexadecanol with 93%（based on dodecanol）and 91%（based on hexadecanol）.Then,（Ⅱ）reacted with（Ⅲ）in acetone,after treated with petroleum ether,the product was quaternized with（Ⅳ）,the resulting quaternary salt was recrystallized in acetonitrile to give（Ⅰ）in the form of white crystal with 59% yield（based on chloroacetic dodecanol ester）.The purity of the unsymmetrical quaternary-ammonium Gemini surfactant was 99.5% by two-phase chemical titration analysis.The structure was confirmed by IR,1HNMR and Elemental analysis.The critical micelle concentration（CMC）and γCMC of（Ⅰ）was measured,moreover,the forming property and emulsifying property of（Ⅰ）were also studied.

关 键 词：酯基不对称Gemini表面活性剂 合成 表面活性 泡沫性质 

分 类 号：O623.731[理学—有机化学]