髋关节的松动机理及其改进  

The Mechanism of Loosening of Artificial Hip and its Improvement

作　　者：王以进[1] 刘广安[2] 王成焘[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海科技大学 [2]上海交通大学

出　　处：《生物医学工程学杂志》1990年第1期27-31,共5页Journal of Biomedical Engineering

摘　　要：本文从理论和实验上分析了人工髋关节引起的松动的原因,并进行了松动实验和有限元分析。在此基础上作者提出了改进的办法,提倡使用多孔材料进行生物学固定,并从理论上论证了这种方法的优越性。Artificial-joint replacement has become a widely accepted treatment in orthopedic surgery. The performances of such a technical structure in the muscular-skeletal system are quite complicated and have many biological and mechanical aspects. Some practical requirements can be formulated that have to be taken into account when new designs or surgical procedures are to be considered.We computed and experimented on loosening of artificial hip and studied the interface between the implant and bone cement. Two dimensional finite element method (FEM) analyses were used to determine the stress distribution. The calculation showed that the fixation of the prosthetic components without bone cement has been very successful.The interface stresses of the hip were studied to develop a model of total hip replacement. Artifiaial joint using porous material was also studied. The ingrowth of bone tissue into the joint was substantial when fixation was achieved without cement. The stresses in the boneprosthesis system can be determined from experiments.By use of the FEM analyses, the distribution of stress displacement at the femur under pressure, has been calculated. From the biomechanical point of view, it can be shown that this method of biological fixation completely conforms to the principle of biomechanics. Biological fixation promotes the new bone formation and accelerates bone joint union in the patient.

关 键 词：髋假体 松动机理 多孔材料 

分 类 号：R318.17[医药卫生—生物医学工程]