利用社会力模型模拟分析人群的自组织现象  

Simulation and analysis of self-organized pedestrian phenomena based on social force model

作　　者：万灏 肖泽南[2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌市消防支队,江西南昌330009 [2]中国建筑科学研究院建筑防火研究所,北京100013

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2010年第9期745-748,共4页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAJ03A03-10)

摘　　要：介绍人群对向行走过程中出现的自组织现象,利用AnyLogic软件构筑假想通道,模拟两股人流对向行走所形成的人流分布状况。模拟结果显示自组织现象在一定密度条件下产生并始终存在,人流队列的长度呈正态分布、位置随机出现、组成人员呈现动态组合。用社会力模型分析自组织现象,指出自组织现象源自人员的社会心理作用和人员之间的相互作用。认为在对向行走的人流中,同向人流以队列方式行走,是一种速度最快、阻力最小、伤害最小、最合理的行走方式。The self-organized pedestrian pheromone when pedestrians are walking in opposite directions is introduced.Utilizing the software AnyLogic,we build a fictitious passage to simulate two pedestrian crowds entering the passage from two terminals synchronously.The result indicates that at sufficiently high densities,the self-organized phenomena always exists,and the length of lanes follow normal distribution;the position of lanes is stochastic;and the people composed the lanes are dynamic.Utilizing social force model to analyze the phenomena,we believe that the phenomena is a result of social psychology and interaction between people.It is concluded that when pedestrians walk in opposite directions,forming lanes of uniform walking direction maybe the most reasonable walking mode with the fastest speed,the smallest resistance,and the least injury.

关 键 词：自组织现象 社会力模型 ANYLOGIC 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] B845.6[哲学宗教—心理学]