试析柏拉图正义探究的若干问题及其现实意义  

On Some Problems About the Researches on Plato's Justice and the Significance

作　　者：杨未昌[1] 杨述刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东机电职业技术学院,广东广州510515 [2]北京师范大学价值与文化研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《广东工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2010年第4期56-58,共3页Journal of Guangdong University of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：柏拉图在《理想国》一书中借苏格拉底之口集中探讨了"正义"问题。从"正义是永恒的善"这一逻辑前提出发,在运用苏格拉底"助产术"归谬流俗观念和"异己立场"基础上,得出了"城邦共同体主义的和谐正义观"。然而,这一看似无懈可击的经典探究却存在着四个方面的问题:其逻辑论证存在偏狭不合理之处;他过分强调城邦本位,忽视了对个体的人文关怀;等级森严的僵化正义秩序,不利于人的自由发展;他的正义理念过于理想化,在现实中难以奏效。然而,柏拉图的这一正义探究在培养个人健全人格、促进社会和谐发展、处理人与自然的关系、处理国际关系等方面却有着非常重要的启发意义。In his The Republic,Plato,in the voice of Socrates,discussed the problem＂justice＂.Based on the logic premise＂Justice is the eternal kindness＂and the application of the view of current fashion and reduction to absurdity in Socratic midwifery and the dissidence standpoint,he concluded the viewof harmonious justice of polis community.But the seemingly invulnerable classical exploration contains four problems： firstly its logical demonstration is intolerant and unreasonable,secondly he was too much polis-oriented and neglected the humanistic care to individuals,thirdly the rigidly stratified justice order hinders the development of individual freedom,and fourthly his notion of justice is too idealized and doesn＇t work in reality.Yet Plato s exploration of justice is inspiringly significant to developing healthy personality,promoting the harmonious social development,tackling the international relations and the relationship between human and the nature.

关 键 词：柏拉图 《理想国》 正义择究 城邦 个人 现实意义 

分 类 号：B12[哲学宗教—世界哲学]