哲罗鱼继饥饿后的补偿生长及其机制  

The compensatory growth and its mechanism of Hucho taimen after starvation

作　　者：杨成辉[1] 韩志忠[1] 刘霞[1] 蔡勋[1] 崔存河[1] 曲立[1] 隋波[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨市农业科学院水产研究分院,哈尔滨150078

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2010年第4期33-38,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：黑龙江省自然基金项目(C2007-30)

摘　　要：对平均初始体重为80 g的哲罗鱼（Hucho taimen）进行了8周养殖实验,以检验其继饥饿后的补偿生长。实验共设5个处理组,4组鱼分别被饥饿1周、2周、3周、4周后再恢复正常投喂,1组正常投喂作为对照,分别用S1、S2、S3、S4、C表示。实验结果显示：饥饿过程中各饥饿组鱼体重随饥饿时间的延长而逐渐下降,饥饿结束时S2、S3、S4组鱼体重均显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,恢复投喂结束时S1、S2、S3组鱼体重与对照组无显著差异（P〉0.05）,S4组鱼体重与对照差异显著（P〈0.05）。恢复投喂期间除S1组外其他饥饿组鱼的摄食率和特定生长率均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。在饥饿过程中,其耗氧率随着饥饿时间的延长逐渐下降,恢复投喂后逐渐上升,其中S1、S2、S3组在各自恢复投喂后5 d、9 d、12 d恢复到对照组水平,而S4组则在其恢复投喂后24 d恢复到对照组水平。饥饿导致鱼躯干脂肪含量下降,躯干水分和灰分含量升高,蛋白质含量变化不大。恢复投喂结束时各饥饿组鱼躯干水分、脂肪、蛋白质含量与对照无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;躯干灰分含量除S4组显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）外,其余与对照差异不显著（P〉0.05）。实验结果表明,人工养殖哲罗鱼饥饿1~3周表现出完全补偿生长,饥饿4周表现出部分补偿生长。恢复投喂期间各饥饿组鱼对食物的利用效率得到明显提高,表明哲罗鱼恢复生长中出现的补偿生长效应主要是通过提高摄食水平和食物转化率共同作用实现的。This compensatory growth of Hucho taimen（initial body weight 80 g） was studied by starving for different period during 8 weeks.The fish were divided into five groups,of which one group with continuous satiation feeding（control group,C） and 4 other groups which were starved for 1（S1）,2（S2）,3（S3）,and 4 weeks（S4）,respectively,then resumed to re-feed.Results were as follows：the body weight decreased during the process of starvation,at the end of the starvation,the body weight of S2,S3 and S4 were significantly lower than control group（P〈0.05）,at the end of the re-feeding,There were no significant differences in body weight between the starved groups（S1,S2 and S3） and control group（P〉0.05）,while there was significant difference between S4 and control group（P〈0.05）.During re-feeding,the fish showed increased feed intake rate and specific growth rate（SGR） comparing the control group except S1 group（P〈0.05）.The oxygen consumption rate of S1,S2,S3 and S4 decreased during the starvation,but reached the level of control group after re-feeding 5 d,9 d,12 d and 24 d respectively.There was no conspicuous change in the protein contents.The contents of lipid decreased while the moisture and ash increased due to the starvation.There were no differences in contents of moisture,lipid and protein between the starved groups（S1,S2,S3 and S4） and control group（P〉0.05）;There was no difference in contents of ash between the starved groups and control group（P〉0.05） except the group S4.The results suggested the complete compensation existed in H.taimen starved for 1-3 weeks while the partial compensation existed in H.taimen starved for 4 weeks.The results that food conversion efficiency of starved H.taimen increased significantly during the re-feeding suggested that the compensation of H.taimen was accomplished by the enhancement of ration level and food conversion efficiency in tandem.

关 键 词：哲罗鱼(Hucho taimen) 饥饿 补偿生长 机制 

分 类 号：S965.199[农业科学—水产养殖]