天然固定沙地与人工固沙植被区土壤种子库的比较研究  

A Comparative Study on Soil Seed Banks of Naturally Stabilized Sandy Land and Artificially Re-vegetated Region

作　　者：崔艳[1,2] 王新平[2] 冯丽[2] 苏延桂[2] 

机构地区：[1]南阳师范学院图书馆,河南南阳473061 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠试验研究站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2010年第5期1114-1119,共6页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40871051)资助

摘　　要：土壤种子库是退化生态系统植被恢复重建的重要基础,研究土壤种子库特征对于阐明退化生态系统受损与恢复机理具有重要的科学意义。通过野外土样采集、野外种子萌发定位跟踪调查和室内周期性种子萌发实验,对腾格里沙漠东南缘人工固沙植被区和天然固定沙地的土壤种子库特征进行了对比研究。结果表明:人工固沙植被区土壤种子库包含21个物种,分属于8科;天然固定沙地土壤种子库有33种植物,属于11科。人工固沙植被区以一年生植物为主,天然固定沙地以多年生植物为主。人工固沙植被区的种子总密度明显低于天然固定沙地,但不同物种种子的密度变化存在显著差异。人工固沙植被区的物种丰富度和多样性指数均较天然固定沙地低。人工固沙植被区和天然固定沙地的土壤种子库与地上植被物种的相似性系数分别为0.73和0.71。尽管人工固沙植被区土壤种子库存在少量多年生植物种子,但仍未发展到以多年生草本植物为主的群落演替阶段,说明人工固沙植被区的植物多样性恢复尚需要漫长的过程。A major characteristic of desert ecosystems is that the number of seeds per unit area in the soil seed bank varies among different habitats. Soil seed bank is an important element affecting both ecosystem resistance and resilience. By sampling a number of soil samples in the field, surveying seedlings in sampling sites, and observing seedlings emergence in laboratory, an investigation was done on the soil seed banks in artificially re-vegetated region （ARR） and naturally stabilized sandy land （NSSL） in the southeast edge of the Tengger Desert. The results showed that： （1） There were 21 species in ARR which belonged to 7 families, and 33 species in NSSL which belonged to 11 families. Among these families, Gramineae, Compositae and Chenopodiaceae were the main components in both regions. In addition, the main species and life forms were different in ARR and NSSL. Annuals were the main species in ARR, while perennials dominated in NSSL. （2） There were less seeds in ARR than in NSSL. The seed density between the two regions varied with certain species. For example, there was not significant difference for seed density of Eragrostis minor, Chloris virgata and Cornulaca alaschanica, while there was significant difference for Bassia dasyphylla, Cleistogenes songorica, Artemisia frigida, Tragus bertesonianus and Setaria viridis. （3） The species richness was lower in ARR than in NSSL as well as diversity index. （4） The species similarity index between the soil seed banks and above ground plants in ARR was 0.73, and 0.71 in NSSL. According to the study, it is a long time for the restoration of species diversity in ARR.

关 键 词：土壤种子库 植被恢复 生物多样性 物种相似度 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]