艳桢桐的生态生物学特征  

Ecological and Biological Characteristics of Clerodendrum splendens

作　　者：杨勇[1,2] 赖永超 刘楠[1] 任海[1] 张倩媚[1] 简曙光[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园,广东广州510650 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]广东省东莞市农业科学研究中心,广东东莞523086

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第19期10040-10043,10071,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部支撑计划项目(2008BAJ10B03);广东省科技计划项目(2006B60101034;2008A060207017)

摘　　要：[目的]为艳桢桐在我国的引种驯化、栽培及开发利用提供依据。[方法]选取引种栽培于中国科学院华南植物园繁育中心及展览区内的艳桢桐为研究对象,研究其形态学特征、解剖学结构、生理生态学特征及营养成分。[结果]在栽培条件下,日间平均光合速率为3.31μmol/(m2.s);日变化呈单峰曲线,无明显午休现象;气孔导度为0.085mol/(m2.s),蒸腾速率为2.30mmol/(m2.s),水分利用效率为1.44μmol/mmol。艳桢桐对营养元素的利用率较高,植株体内加权平均养分含量为N1.45%、P0.32%、K0.66%、Na0.02%、Ca3.84%、Mg0.14%,其中叶片中N、P、K、Mg含量最高,根中Na含量最高,茎中Ca含量最高。艳桢桐生长速度快,攀附及适应环境能力强;栽培中应适时浇水及补充生长所需的N、P、K等矿质元素,以维持植株生长所需的水分和养分平衡。[结论]艳桢桐喜温暖湿润、光照较好的环境及肥沃的酸性土壤,也耐贫瘠,适合在我国热带亚热带地区引种栽培。[Objective] The aim of the research was to provide important basis for introduction,domestication,cultivation and exploitation of Clerodendrum splendens in China.[Method] C.splendens cultivated in breeding center and exhibition area of South China Botanical Garden was chosen as research objective to survey the morphological features,anatomic structure,eco-physiological characteristics and nutrient contents.[Result]The average diurnal photosynthetic rate of C.splendens was 3.31 μmol/（m^2·s）.Its daily course showed single-peaked curve with unremarkable midday depression.The stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and water use efficiency were 0.085 mol/（m^2·s）,2.30 mmol/（m^2·s）and 1.44 μmol/mmol,respectively.The weighted nutrient concentrations of C.splendens were N 1.45%,P 0.32%,K 0.66%,Na 0.02%,Ca 3.84%,Mg 0.14%,respectively.C.splendens had a high level of nutrient utilization efficiency and had the highest N,P,K,Mg content in leaf,Na content in root,Ca content in stem.C.splendens is a fast growing good climber,and has good adaptability to different environments.Water and mineral nutrition essential should be added to improve its growth when cultivating.[Conclusion] C.splendens prefers to grow on fertile,acidic soil,under sunny and warm-humid condition.It can also grow well on impoverished soil and is adapt to be introduced and cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas in China.

关 键 词：艳桢桐 园林绿化 生态生物学特性 引种栽培 开发利用 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]