1876-1878 severe drought in North China:Facts,impacts and climatic background  

作　　者：HAO ZhiXin ZHENG JingYun WU GuoFeng ZHANG XueZhen GE QuanSheng 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China [2]Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

出　　处：《Chinese Science Bulletin》2010年第26期3001-3007,共7页

基　　金：supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-YW-315-2);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40701021 and 40625002);the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2007BAC03A01)

摘　　要：Based on the reconstructed precipitation series in North China from historical documents, the 1876-1878 drought was identified as the most severe and extreme one in North China over the past 300 years. Meanwhile, the spatial patterns of seasonal and annual precipitation during 1876-1877 were analyzed and the social and economic impacts related with this drought event were evaluated according to the descriptions in the historical documents. The results indicated that this long-lasting drought started by the spring of 1876 and did not stop until the spring of 1878. Within the three years, the harvest failures brought the rice price increased to 5-10 times than that in the normal year, and the total population in the five provinces over North China decreased by more than 20 million due to a large number of dead people and migrations. In addition, related investigations suggested that the 1876-1878 drought was prevalent worldwide, which has possible link with abnormal high SST in the equatorial central and eastern Pacific, strong El Nio episode and positive AAO anomalies.Based on the reconstructed precipitation series in North China from historical documents, the 1876-1878 drought was identified as the most severe and extreme one in North China over the past 300 years. Meanwhile, the spatial patterns of seasonal and annual precipitation during 1876-1877 were analyzed and the social and economic impacts related with this drought event were evaluated according to the descriptions in the historical documents. The results indicated that this long-lasting drought started by the spring of 1876 and did not stop until the spring of 1878. Within the three years, the harvest failures brought the rice price increased to 5-10 times than that in the normal year, and the total population in the five provinces over North China decreased by more than 20 million due to a large number of dead people and migrations. In addition, related investigations suggested that the 1876-1878 drought was prevalent worldwide, which has possible link with abnormal high SST in the equatorial central and eastern Pacific, strong El Nifio episode and positive AAO anomalies.

关 键 词：干旱事件 中国北方 气候背景 空间分布格局 厄尔尼诺事件 历史文献 海温异常 太平洋中部 

分 类 号：P426.616[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P425.55