土壤粒径对极度干旱胁迫下长春花的影响  

Effects of Soil Particle Size on Catharanthus roseus Seedlings Under Heavy Drought Conditions

作　　者：陈华峰[1] 赵晓菊[2] 郭晓瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040 [2]大庆师范学院生命科学学院,大庆163712

出　　处：《植物研究》2010年第5期556-561,共6页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30770338)

摘　　要：通过比较草炭土、黄粘土、草炭—黄粘混合基质的粒径组成和土壤样品含水率的变化,分析了黄粘土对长春花土壤保水特性的影响。研究结果表明:极度干旱条件下,随着土壤粘粒比重的增加,长春花叶片的相对含水量、地上地下生物量比值、光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、水分利用率及可溶性糖的含量都随之增高;完全黄粘土中长春花的水分利用率达到6.975 2μmol.mmol-1,为完全草炭土的2倍,可溶性糖中蔗糖的含量也增加到2.614 5 mg.g-1,海藻糖的含量为0.566 9 mg.g-1;土壤的保水率也显著增加了30%以上。土壤基质中黄粘土的比例越高,土壤保水性越好,可以为长春花提供更多的有效水。在极度干旱胁迫下,纯黄粘土更适合长春花的生存。By comparison of soil particle size and soil water content between turfy soil and yellow clay,the effects of soil water retention with yellow clay were analyzed.The results showed that leaf relative water content,the ratio of shoot and root,photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,efficiency of water application and soluble sugar were observed to change with the intensification of soil clay under heavy drought conditions.The value of efficiency of water application arrived at 6.975 2 μmol·mmol-1,which was 2-fold pure turfy soil.At the same time,the contents of sucrose and trehalose increased to 2.614 5 mg·g-1 and 0.566 9 mg·g-1.Soil water content also significantly increased to higher than 30%.The results indicated that Catharanthus roseus could obtain more available water from soil of higher ratio of yellow clay and the pure yellow clay is suitable for C.roseus to survive under the stress of heavy drought conditions.

关 键 词：长春花 土壤粘粒 光合特性 可溶性糖 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]