西安市中学生噪声性听力损失调查分析  

Investigation on Noise Induced Hearing Loss among High School Students in the City of Xi'an

作　　者：李宗华[1,2] 徐展[1] 陈阳[1] 王志忠[3] 何亚[1] 淳于秀杰[1] 王方圆[1] 张鹏志[1] 高磊[1] 邱淑萍[1] 邱建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科,西安710032 [2]解放军第五医院耳鼻咽喉科 [3]第四军医大学流行病学教研室

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2010年第5期437-439,共3页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：国家科技部"十一五"支撑课题基金(2007BAI18B12)资助

摘　　要：目的了解西安市中学生噪声性听力损失现况,探讨防治策略。方法用分层随机整群抽样法对西安市中学生行问卷调查、耳科检查及听力学检查,数据用SPSS15.0统计软件处理。结果共调查1 567人,男793人(50.61%),女774人(49.39%),平均15.7±1.4岁,使用MP3或MP4者1 335人,未使用者232人。噪声性听力损失55人,患病率为3.51%。其中,男、女性分别为45人(5.67%)和10人(1.29%),有、无MP3或MP4使用史者分别为52人(3.90%)和3人(1.29%),有、无学习压力问题者分别为21人(3.33%)和24人(2.56%),有无睡眠问题者分别为24人(4.62%)和21人(2.00%)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、MP3/MP4使用时间、失眠等因素与听力损失有关,OR值分别为0.21、4.115、1.187,MP3/MP4使用是听力损失的独立危险因素。结论噪声性听力损失是目前西安市中学生听力减退的重要因素,MP3/MP4使用不当可导致噪声性听力损失。Objective To investigate the prevalence of noise induced hearing loss in high school students in the city of Xi＇an and to provide a basis for finding effective preventive measures.Methods A cross-section study was used to investigate on noise induced hearing loss in 10 high schools in the city of Xi＇an.Questionnaire,ear physical examination and audiologyic tests were carried out by the trained staff.Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze the relative influencial factors about noise induced hearing loss.Results There were 1 567 participating students with 793 male and 774 female.The prevalence of noise induced hearing loss was 3.51%.Logistic regression analysis indicated correlation between hearing loss and the following：gender,use of portable listening devices,sleep disorders.Among them the use of portable listening devices was an independent risk factor.Conclusion Noise induced hearing loss is the main hazard for hearing loss of high school students and inappropriate use of portable listening devices can cause hearing loss to students.

关 键 词：噪声 听力损失 中学生 

分 类 号：R764.433[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]