哈尔滨市区1988—2009年居民意外伤害死因分析  

Accidental Injury Mortality in Harbin from 1988 to 2009

作　　者：兰莉[1] 隋丛兰[1] 徐国华[1] 周丹[1] 乔冬菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省哈尔滨市疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所,150056

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2010年第24期2752-2753,2755,共3页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的探讨哈尔滨市区居民意外伤害的死亡特征、分布规律和对居民健康的影响,为制订伤害防制策略提供依据。方法采用回顾性调研究的方法对哈尔滨市区1988—2009年居民死因资料进行统计分析。结果 1988—2009年居民因意外伤害导致死亡23 161人,年平均死亡率为34.52/10万,标准化死亡率为29.66/10万,男性居民意外伤害年均粗死亡率和标准化死亡率分别为女性居民的2.24倍和2.19倍。男性居民意外伤害的前三位死因为机动车辆交通事故、自杀、被杀;女性前三位死因则为自杀、机动车辆交通事故和意外中毒。0~14岁、15~64岁和≥65岁居民年均死亡率分别为11.25/10万、35.65/10万、69.84/10万,3组不同年龄居民死亡率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。1999—2009年居民意外伤害的死亡率和标准化死亡率比1988—1998年分别下降了25.55%和33.95%。居民意外伤害的死亡率和标准化死亡率分别由1988—1998年的39.92/10万、36.08/10万下降至1999—2009年的29.72/10万、23.83/10万。结论哈尔滨市区居民的意外伤害死亡率在全死因中位居第四位,而在意外死亡中,交通事故是造成居民死亡的首要原因,男性居民的死亡率明显高于女性,除溺水和被杀外,其他主要意外死因≥65岁老年人的死亡率均显著高于其他年龄。意外伤害是哈尔滨市区严重的公共卫生问题,应予以重视和控制。Objective To explore the mortality,distribution of accidental injury and its influence on health of urban population,to provide a reasonable basis for prevention strategies.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on data of death causes of urban inhabitants in Harbin from the year of 1988 to 2009.Results A total of 23 161 inhabitants died from accidental injuries from the year 1988 to 2009,the annual crude death rate（CDR） was 34.52/100 000,and the average standardized mortality ratio（SMR） was 29.66/100 000.CDR and SMR of male inhabitants were 2.24 and 2.19 times as high as those of female.The top 3 death causes for accidental injuries were motor vehicle accidents,suicide,being killed in male inhabitants,and suicide,motor vehicle accidents,accidental poisoning in female.CDR of inhabitants aged 0～14 years,15～64,≥65 were 11.25/100 000,35.65/100 000,69.84/100 000,respectively,the difference was significant（P0.01）.Accidental injury CDR and SMR from the year of 1999 to 2009（29.72/100 000,23.83/100 000,respectively） were lower by 25.55% and 33.95% than those from 1988 to 1998（39.92/100 000,36.08/100 000,respectively）.Conclusion In urban inhabitants of Harbin,accidental injury CDR ranks the 4th top of all death causes,traffic accidents being the leading cause.CDR is significantly higher in male inhabitants than in female,and CDR of all death causes except drowning and being killed was higher in elderly population aged ≥65 years than in other age groups.Accidental injury,a severe public health problem in urban areas of Harbin,should be paid attention to and controlled.

关 键 词：伤害 死亡率 事故 交通 死亡原因 

分 类 号：R892.223[医药卫生—法医学]