水稻籼粳交衍生系产量相关性状的遗传效应与杂种优势  

Genetic effects and heterosis for yield-related traits in the derivative lines from Indica-Japonica crosses of rice

作　　者：韦新宇[1] 许旭明[1] 张受刚[1] 卓伟[1] 马彬林[1] 梁康迳[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建省三明市农业科学研究所,福建沙县365509 [2]福建农林大学作物遗传育种与综合利用教育部重点实验室,福建福州350002

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2010年第3期145-152,共8页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD01A01-3);福建省科技厅重点项目(2007N0070);福建省自然科学基金项目(2009J01327)资助

摘　　要：采用包括基因型与环境互作效应的加性—显性遗传模型(AD模型),对不同环境下水稻籼粳交衍生系产量相关性状的遗传效应与杂种优势进行研究。结果表明,播抽天数、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数和千粒重性状以基因的加性主效应为主;结实率和株高性状以基因的显性主效应为主;基因型×环境互作效应明显影响产量相关性状表现,以显性×环境互作为主,其中播抽天数、单株谷重、千粒重和穗长的显性×环境互作效应尤为明显。杂种优势研究表明,由遗传主效应控制的杂种优势除单株有效穗数外,其余8个性状均表现正向群体平均优势;基因型×环境互作杂种优势分析表明,单株谷重、单株有效穗数、每穗实粒数、千粒重、株高和穗长6个性状杂种优势的稳定性较好。遗传效应分析结果表明,明恢413、97gk1037、明恢118和明恢417在多个性状上表现以遗传主效应为主,环境互作效应较弱,具有较好的环境稳定性,表明该4个籼粳交衍生品系在籼粳杂种优势利用中具有较高的利用价值。The genetic effects and heterosis of yield-related traits in derivative lines from lndica-Japonica crosses of rice under different environments were studied with the additive-dominance genetic model （ AD model）, including the genotype x environment （GE） interaction. The results showed that days from sowing to heading, grain number per panicle, filled grain number per panicle and 1000-seeds weight were mainly controlled by additive effects, seed setting rate and plant height were mainly controlled by dominant effects. The yield-related traits were more obviously affected by the GE interaction, they were mainly controlled by dominant x environment interaction which days from sowing to heading, grain weight per plant,1000-seeds weight and panicle length were specially obvious affected by the GE interaction. Heterosis analysis showed that heterosis were controlled by genetic main effects. Beside the panicle number per plant, the other eight traits showed positive population mean heterosis. GE interaction heterosis analysis showed that heterosis of the grain weight per plant, the panicle number per plant, filled grain number per panicle, 1000-secds weight, plant height and panicle length were better stability, and the rest 3 traits were less stable. The results of genetic effects analysis showed that a number of traits of Minghui 413, 97gk1037, Minghui 118 and Minghui 417 were mainly controlled by the additive effects and dominant effects, the environment interaction effects were weaker, reflecting a certain degree of environmental stability, which indicated these 4 derivative lines from lndica-Japonica crosses of rice had a higher value in use on heterosis utilization.

关 键 词：籼粳交衍生系 加性—显性遗传主效应 基因型×环境互作效应 产量相关性状 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]