云南元江流域疟疾防治后微小按蚊(Anopheles minimus Theobald)生物学特性和相关生态学因子研究  

A Study on Biological Characteristics and Relatively Ecological Factors of Anopheles minimus after Control Mesasures in Yuanjiang Basin,Yunnan

作　　者：许建卫[1] 杨煌[1] 顾云安[1] 马信文 杨学文 刘行知[1] 汪丽波[1] 杨宗强 杨继青 杨太专 苏蓉 杨国灿 

机构地区：[1]云南省疟疾防治研究所,思茅市665000 [2]元江县卫生防疫站 [3]元江县东峨乡卫生院

出　　处：《医学动物防制》1999年第5期225-228,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：联合国开发计划署/世界银行/世界卫生组织TDR项目资助课题(IDNO.900098)

摘　　要：在云南元江流域,通过5年的面上监测和1年的设点研究,发现杀虫剂使用后40多年,微小按蚊的活动从室内转到室外,从村子内转到野外,人类和微小按蚊间的疟原虫传递多发生在室外;影响河谷区微小按蚊种群数量的关键生态学因子是降水;温度是影响其寿命的首要因子,其次是相对湿度。上述因素影响微小按蚊密度和叮人率;7—8月份种群数量不大,但病例却较多。结果揭示使用了40多年的DDT室内滞留喷洒为主的疟疾媒介控制措施不能完全有效地阻断疟疾传播。In Yuanjiang basin of Yunnan province,a 5 - year wide area surveillance and a one - year field study were carried out. It is discovered that activities of Anopheles minimus have transfr.red from indoor to outdoor, from village to field, the exchange of plasmodiums between human and An. minimus is mainly taking place in outdoor after 40 year's using insecticides against it;the key ecological factor to determine the size of An. minimus population is preciptation,but its lifexpan is influenced firstly by temperature and secondly by air humidity in the river valley. These new discoveries can reasonably explain why the low indoor density and manbiting rate can cause high malaria incidence and why the small population from July to August can lead to a large number of malaria cases. These results proved that present malaria control mainly by DDT residual spraying can not completely prevent malaria transmission.

关 键 词：疟疾 微小按蚊 生物学特性 生态因子 元江流域 

分 类 号：R531.301[医药卫生—内科学]