碳包覆镍/钴纳米颗粒的爆轰合成法  

Detonation synthesis of carbon-encapsulated nickel/cobalt nanoparticles

作　　者：罗宁[1] 李晓杰[1] 王小红[1] 闫鸿浩[1] 莫非[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2010年第4期390-394,共5页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(10172025;10602013;10872044)~~

摘　　要：用掺杂一定比例的硝酸镍盐/硝酸钴盐、尿素、无水乙醇与猛炸药泰安制成水溶性炸药,在密闭容器氮气保护下,爆轰合成碳包覆镍/钴纳米晶颗粒。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和Raman光谱仪等对爆轰产物的形态结构和组成成分进行测试。实验结果表明,爆轰产物以金属纳米晶为核,周围包覆多种形态的碳物质且形成包覆结构特征比较完整的碳包覆镍/钴纳米颗粒,包覆层主要由无定形碳、石墨和微量的富勒烯构成。The explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate （PETN） was proportionally mixed with nickel/cobalt nitrate, carbamide, and absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain watersoluble explosives. The obtained watersoluble explosives were ignited by the detonators under nitrogen protection in explosion vessels to synthesize carbon-encapsulated nickel/cobalt particles. The shape, composition and structure of the detonation products were characterized by TEM, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and Raman spectroscopy. And the formation mechanism of the carbon-encapsulated nanocrystals was tentatively discussed. The results show that the detonation soot consists of metal nanocrystals as cores and amorphous carbon, graphite and a little fullerene as carbon-coating layers.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 碳包覆镍/钴纳米颗粒 爆轰合成 硝酸镍盐/硝酸钴盐 

分 类 号：O389[理学—流体力学]