间作大蒜或油菜麦田中麦蚜主要天敌群落的时间动态  

Community dynamics of wheat aphid natural enemies in wheat-oilseed rape or wheat-garlic intercropping fields

作　　者：王光[1] 纪祥龙[1] 王万磊[1] 刘勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2010年第3期295-298,共4页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BADA5B05);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD08A05)

摘　　要：运用物种丰富度S、种群优势度D、群落多样性指数H′和均匀度指数E作为综合指标,分析了不同间作方式下麦田麦蚜Aphidius avenae主要寄生性和捕食性天敌群落的时间动态。结果表明,麦-油间作田天敌物种丰富度多高于单作田和麦-蒜间作田,麦-蒜间作田和单作田天敌物种丰富度基本相同;不同间作处理天敌群落优势种在调查初期有所不同,而中后期皆为燕麦蚜茧蜂;麦-油间作田天敌群落多样性指数一直高于单作田和麦-蒜间作田;调查后期(5月8日后)麦-油间作田的寄生性天敌的优势度指数显著低于单作田和麦-蒜间作田,均匀度指数则显著高于单作田和麦-蒜间作田。说明麦-油间作,麦蚜天敌物种丰富度较高,群落较稳定性,在小麦灌浆初期即可对麦蚜为害起一定控制作用;麦-蒜间作对麦蚜天敌群落的结构特点及时间动态无明显影响。The dynamics of wheat aphid natural enemy community in different intercropping patterns （wheat-oilseed rape intercropping, wheat-garlic intercropping and monoculture） were investigated with biodiversity measures including species richness （S）, dominance （D）, Shannon＇s Index （H′）, and evenness （E）. It was showed that the species richness of natural enemies in wheat-oilseed rape intercropping pattern was almost higher than those of the other two patterns during the investigation period. However, the other two patterns were similar in the whole stage of investigation. The dominant species of natural enemies among the three planting patterns were different at the beginning of investigation, but in the mid-and late-stage were Aphidius avenae. During investigation, diversity index of natural enemies in wheat-oilseed rape intercropping pattern was the highest. After May 8, the dominance of A. avenae in wheat-oilseed rape intercropping pattern was the lowest with significant difference compared with the other two patterns, and the index of evenness was the highest. It is concluded that in wheat-oilseed rape intercropping pattern, with higher species richness and higher stability community of natural enemies, it could control wheat aphid infection especially in early wheat filling stage, and there was no obvious effect of wheat-garlic intercropping on community structure and dynamics of wheat aphid natural enemies.

关 键 词：小麦-大蒜 小麦-油菜 间作 天敌 群落动态 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]