苍耳子“毒性”及现代毒理学研究进展  

Advances in Studies on Toxicity and Modern Toxicology Research of Fructus Xanthii

作　　者：张婷婷[1,2] 鄢良春[1] 赵军宁[1] 成霖[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]四川省中医药科学院药理毒理研究所,国家中医药管理局中药质量生物学评价重点研究室,中药品质评价与创新中药研究四川省重点实验室,成都610041 [2]泸州医学院,四川泸州646000 [3]成都中医药大学,成都610041

出　　处：《医学综述》2010年第18期2814-2818,共5页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划[973计划](2009CB522801)

摘　　要：苍耳子为历代中医临床治疗鼻渊要药,有小毒,属传统记载的有毒中药。现代药理研究苍耳子具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、镇痛、降血糖、抗过敏等作用。现代临床医学中苍耳子为鼻科常用药,尤其多用于治疗慢性鼻炎、慢性鼻窦炎。但临床中常因长期、过量、反复使用苍耳子以及其炮制不当或者未经炮制使用而发生中毒。毒理学研究提示其对多脏器均有损伤,主要对肝脏和肾脏的损害较为严重。通过查阅大量中外文献,对苍耳子功效及毒性、化学成分和毒理方面的研究进展进行综述,并对其"效-毒"相关性问题进行探讨。Fructus Xanthii is commonly used by clinical medicine in rhinology throughout the ages.It belongs to the documented toxic traditional Chinese medicine.According to the modern pharmacological studies,Fructus Xanthii has antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,hypoglycemic,anti-allergy effects.It is commonly used in rhinology,especially used in treatment of chronic rhinitis and sinusitis.However,the clinical long-term,excessive,repeated and without preparation or in inappropriate preparation use of Fructus Xanthii may cause of poisoning.Toxicology studies suggest that Fructus Xanthii can lead to multi-organ damage,severely in the liver and kidney.Referring to a large number domestic and foreign literatures,the progress of efficacy,toxicity,chemical composition and toxicology of Fructus Xanthii were revived.The dependency between efficacy and toxicity of Fructus Xanthii were discussed as well.

关 键 词：苍耳子 毒性 毒理学 

分 类 号：R965[医药卫生—药理学] R99[医药卫生—药学]