氮磷钾不同配比对冬作马铃薯产量、效益和肥料利用率的影响  

Influence of Different Ratios Between NPK on Yield, Economic Profit and Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Winter Potato

作　　者：陈洪[1,2] 张新明[3] 全锋[1] 汤丹峰[1] 曹先维[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642 [2]惠东县科技局,广东惠东516300 [3]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2010年第4期224-229,共6页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：现代农业产业(马铃薯)技术体系专项(MATS-zhsyz-26);国家科技支撑计划课题(2007BAD89B14);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-006-1)

摘　　要：在每667 m2施用500 kg有机肥基础上,3 F(每667 m2 13 kg N,N:P2O5:K2O=1:0.93:2.41)、3 E(每667 m2 13 kg N,1:0.56:1.95)和3 G(每667 m2 13 kg N,1:0.74:2.01)处理组合的马铃薯总产量和合格薯产量显著高于9 A(每667 m2 19 kg N,1:0.47:1.47),但三者之间及其与其它化肥处理组合总产量和合格薯产量之间差异没有达到0.05的显著水平。3 G、3 E处理组合的平均经济效益显著高于处理9 D(每667 m2 19 kg N,1:0.75:1.75)、9 B(每667 m2 19 kg N,1:1.17:2.17)、6 B(每667 m216 kg N,1:1.17:2.17)、9 C(每667 m2 19 kg N,1:0.70:2.65)、9 F(每667 m2 19 kg N,1:0.93:2.41)和9 A,但与其它化肥+有机肥处理组合的平均效益之间没有显著差异(P>0.05)。每667 m213 kg氮肥处理中3 E处理组合氮磷钾肥当季利用率显著高于每667 m2 16 kg(处理6 F除外,每667 m2 16 kg N,1:0.93:2.41),和每667 m2 19 kg的施肥处理组合(P<0.05)。综合试验结果表明,每667 m2施纯氮13 kg,N:P2O5:K2O=1:0.56:1.95是适宜的氮磷钾施肥方案,可以获得较高的产量效益和氮磷钾肥料养分当季利用率。Under the conditions and 500 kg per 667 m2 of base manure application during 2008-2009 growing season,the total yield and marketable potato yield with treatment 3 F（13 kg N per 667 m2,N：P2O5： K2O = 1：0.93：2.41）,3 E（13 kg N per 667 m2,1：0.56： 1.95）,3 G（13 kg N per 667 m2,1：0.74：2.01） were significant higher than that with treatment 9 A（19 kg N per 667 m2,1：0.47：1.47）（p 0.05）,but no significant difference among them and other chemical fertilizer treatments were found（p0.05）;treatment 3 G and 3 E had the markedly higher economical profit than 9 D（19 kg N per 667 m2,1：0.75： 1.75）,9 B（19 kg N per 667 m2,1：1.17：2.17）,6 B（16 kg N per 667 m2,1：1.17：2.17）,9 C（19 kg N per 667 m2,1：0.70： 2.65）,9 F（19 kg N per 667 m2,1：0.93：2.41）,and 9 A,however,no significant difference existed among other treatments with applying NPK.The apparent NPK use efficiencies with treatment 3 E was significantly higher than those treatments with 16 and 19 kg N per 667 m2treatments（except for treatment 6 F（16 kg N per 667 m2,N：P2O5：K2O = 1：0.93：2.41） with N use efficiency）.It was shown with 2008-2009 growing season experiments that 13 kg N per 667 m2 of nitrogen ferilizer with N：P2O5：K2O at 1：0.56 ：1.95 was the reasonable NPK formula,by which higher yield,economical profit and NPK fertilizer use efficiency could be realized.

关 键 词：冬种马铃薯 氮磷钾肥料 产量及效益 肥料利用率 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学] S143