不同密度下棉花果枝、叶枝特征及产量的研究  

A Study on Cotton Fruit-bearing Branch,Leafy Shoot Characteristic and Yield in Different Density

作　　者：娄善伟 张鹏忠 刘宁 边洋 周莉 何红 赵小伊 曾鲁 张巨松[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家棉花工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2010年第7期1391-1396,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BADB02);新疆维吾尔自治区科技攻关重大专项(200731133-1);新疆维吾尔自治区"十一五"重大科技专项"棉花生产关键技术开发;集成与示范"(200731133);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(3-5-22)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨棉花果枝和叶枝的干物质积累、养分积累、成铃特征以及对产量的影响。【方法】通过设置田间密度试验小区,进行田间调查,并对样品进行室内测定。【结果】密度能明显影响植株形态,低密度A1处理的叶枝数为4台左右,明显高于高密度处理;果枝成铃数也相对较多,与最少的A5处理相差4个棉铃。单株干物质积累差异显著,尤其是叶枝,A1与A5处理相差多达70g/株。氮、磷、钾养分含量上,趋势基本一致,但果枝叶钾素含量高于叶枝叶。棉铃空间分布,内围铃占主导,其他成分所占比例随密度的增大而减小,而上、中、下各部分比例随密度变化各异,产量按密度顺序先增大后减小。【结论】低密度处理的叶枝干物质积累高,是产量形成的重要组成部分,而养分积累各密度差异不大,产量形成主要依靠内围铃,皮棉产量最高为A3处理3247.4kg/hm2。[Objective]The present research was designed to discuss cotton fruit-bearing branch,leafy shoot characteristics,dry matter and nutrition accumulation,boll character and cotton yield.[Method]Through designing the test plot of field density,to research the cotton growth and have test in room.[Result]The different density of cotton plants can affect the morphological diversity and lead to great changes,the number of leafy shoot is about 4 at low density A1 processing,the boll number of fruit-bearing branch are also 4 bolls less than fhat of A5 processing.The cotton dry matter accumulation had obvious difference,particularly leafy shoot,A1 and A5 processing difference reaches 70 g/plant,content of Nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium showed no difference,but potassium content of fruit branches is higher than that of leafy shoot.In the cotton boll spatial distribution,the boll in encircles occupy leadership,the proportion of other ingredients account increase along with the density reducing,but the upper,middle and lower various parts of proportions vary along with the density fluctuation the yield density increases first then reduces.[Conclusion]The accumulation rate of dry matter from leady shoot treated by the low density was high,which was the importont component,but mutrition accumulation at different density showed no differenee.there,the lint yield of cotton reached 3 247.4kg/m2.of A3 process.

关 键 词：棉花 种植密度 产量构成 叶枝 棉铃分布 

分 类 号：S562.048[农业科学—作物学]