提高石榴坐果率及不同负载量对果实横径、单果重的影响初报  

Primary Studies on Effects of Raising Setting Percentage and Crop Load on Fruit Horizontal Diameter and Weight Per Fruit of Kashi Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)

作　　者：杨磊[1] 傅连军[2] 席勇[2] 买买提伊明.阿拉白地 卢春生[1] 张平[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆喀什地区农业技术推广中心,新疆喀什844000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2010年第8期1492-1496,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划"环塔里木盆地特色林果产业发展关键技术研发与示范"(2007BAD36B10)

摘　　要：【目的】提高喀什噶尔甜石榴坐果率、增大单果重及果实横径,以增加其商品性。【方法】以6年生喀什噶尔甜石榴为试材,调查春季施肥、花期喷施不同药剂和不同负载量对石榴坐果率、平均单果重、果实横径的影响。【结果】GA3可显著提高坐果率,高于CK29.0%以上,不同浓度GA3以20和30mg/L表现最好;GA3与花蕾保、硼砂、磷酸二氢钾及CK之间差异显著。8种施肥组合对头茬花坐果率影响差异不显著;施肥组合a、A可显著提高二茬花的坐果率,分别较CK高5.37%和6.00%。不同负载量对果实横径及单果重的增大效果均为20>30>40(果),单株留20、30与40果的果实横径间差异显著,3种留果量的单果重之间无差异。单株留20、30果的单果重均在400g以上,达到一级优质果。8种施肥组合对单果重的影响无差异。【结论】花期喷施20和30mg/L的GA3可显著提高坐果率;施肥组合a、A可显著提高二茬花的坐果率;3种负载量对单果重和果实横径的增大效果依次为20>30>40(果)。[Objective]To raise setting percentage,increase fruit diameter and weight per fruit to improve fruit quality.[Method]The effect of spring fertilizer application,spraying different agents and load quantity on the setting percentage,fruit diameter and weight per fruit were investigated based on 6 year old Kashi pomegranate.[Result]GA3 can raise the setting percentage significantly,which were 29.0% higher than CK.Both 20 mg/L and 30 mg/L GA3 were suitable to raise setting percentage.There were significant differences between GA3,other treatments（Hualeibao,Borat,KH2PO4）and CK.The fertilizer combination a,A can raise setting percentage significantly,it was 5.37% and 6.00% higher than CK.Augment effect of different load quantity on fruit diameter and weight per fruit both were 20 fruits30 fruits40 fruits.The weight per fruit of retained 20,30 fruits per plant both were over 400 g,which reached high class.The effect of 8 fertilizer combinations on weight per plant showed no difference.[Conclusion]The setting percentage were raised significantly by GA3（20 mg/L and 30 mg/L）and fertilizer combination（a,A）.Augment effect of 3 crop loads on weight per fruit and fruit diameter was sequenced as follows：20 fruits30 fruits40 fruits.

关 键 词：石榴 坐果率 果实横径 单果重 

分 类 号：S665.4[农业科学—果树学]