连作条件下加工番茄根区微生物区系动态变化  

Dynamic Change of the Microbial Flora of Processed Tomato Rhizosphere under the Conditions of Continuous Cropping

作　　者：孙艳艳[1] 刘建国[1] 富成璞 刘俊[1] 刘焕思[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆中国彩棉(集团)股份有限公司,乌鲁木齐830023

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2010年第8期1596-1599,共4页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："973"计划前期研究专项资助项目(2006CB708401)

摘　　要：【目的】对连作条件下加工番茄根区微生物区系动态变化进行研究,为制定加工番茄合理轮作模式,克服连作障碍问题提供理论依据。【方法】采用盆栽试验,在开花期钻取不同连作年限加工番茄根际土壤,用平板计数法和最大或然法对各微生物进行培养计数。【结果】在加工番茄根际微生物中,细菌所占比重最大,为97.6%,放线菌次之为2.3%,真菌最少,仅占0.4%;随连作年限的增加,细菌随连作年限的延长而下降,但放线菌和真菌的数量有所增加。连作对微生物生理类群的影响为:随连作年限的延长,硝化细菌、好氧性自身固氮菌、好氧性纤维素分解菌和厌氧性纤维素分解菌数量呈递减趋势,而反硫化细菌在连作3年时有所增加,且在数量上表现为硝化细菌>反硫化细菌>固氮细菌>纤维素分解菌。【结论】连作后根际土壤由细菌型向真菌型转化,导致地力衰竭;各有益细菌生理群数量呈递减趋势,有害细菌生理群数量增加,不利于土壤中养分转化;在加工番茄土壤中硝化细菌和反硫化细菌为优势菌,纤维素分解菌在土壤中含量较少。[Objective]Dynamic change of the microbial flora of processed tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum Miller） rhizosphere under the conditions of continuous cropping were studied in order to lay the theoretical basis for constituting the mode of processed tomato rational rotate and conquering the obstacle under the conditions of continuous cropping.[Method]The Method of pot experiment was used in this experiment,digging the rhizosphere soil different years of continuous cropping on the anthesis,then taking count of microbe by the method of MPN.[Result]Bacteria was 97.6% in processed tomato rhizosphere,actinomycete was 2.3%,and fungi was the least,only 0.4%.Bacteria decreased with continuous cropping year increasing,but actinomycete and fungi increased.Along with the continuous cropping year increasing,nitrobacteria,aerobic azotobacter,aerobic cellulose decomposing bacteria and anaerobic cellulose decomposing bacteria decreased,while antisulphate was increased in the third year of continuous cropping and the sequence of their amount on soil was nitrifierantisulphate reducerazotobactercellulose decomposing bacteria.[Conclusion]Rhizosphere soil shifted from bacteria type to fungi type significientyly after continuous cropping,which result in reducing of soil fertility,and the sequence of the beneficial bacteria were decreased and the harmful bacteria were increased having negative effect on translation of soil nutriention.

关 键 词：加工番茄 连作障碍 根区 微生物区系 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S344.4[农业科学—园艺学]