天水优质花牛苹果气候资源评估研究  

Assessment on the Climate Resources of High-quality Huaniu Apple in Tianshui

作　　者：胡利平[1,2] 乔艳君 刘晓强[1] 安晶[1] 李建国 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省天水市气象局,甘肃天水741018 [2]甘肃省天水农业气象试验站,甘肃天水741020 [3]甘肃省兰州市气象局,甘肃兰州730020 [4]甘肃省秦安县气象局,甘肃秦安741600

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第20期10502-10505,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部公益行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY20080621)

摘　　要：在2009年1～10月利用GPS卫星定位仪,在天水城郊南山万亩花牛苹果基地区域选取10个不同海拔高度的具有代表性的点,并采用野外气象要素测定仪器对苹果生长季的光、温、水等气候资源进行采集、订正,并对其进行统计分析研究。结果表明,天水是我国苹果优质气候区,表现为温度条件在苹果的各生育期基本均能满足其适宜值范围,尤以果实膨大期的6～8月温度适宜性表现突出;20世纪90年代初开始的温度升高提高了海拔1400～1500m的苹果膨大期对温度条件的适宜度,同时,降低了海拔1100m苹果膨大期的适宜度,说明20世纪90年代后温度的升高使天水苹果优质区域高度有100m左右的提高;尽管降水量多年平均状况基本均能满足苹果正常生长,但多数年份降水量的不足仍是影响苹果膨大期的主要不利因子;各高度苹果生长区其日照条件非常适宜苹果生长、膨大和着色;海拔1100～1500m高度层带苹果含糖量的范围与全国各地相比属优质高糖地区。Based on GPS（global position system）,10 representative areas of different height were selected at 666.7 hektare Huaniu Apple base of Nanshan in Tianshui suburbs from Jan to Oct of 2009.Using field measurement instrument of meteorological factors that in Apple growing season（light,temperature,precipitation）etc,climatic resources were collected,revised and their statistical analysis was carried out.The results showed that Tianshui was climate zones of apple＇s high-quality in China,different temperature conditions were able to meet suitable value range in Apple＇s basically period of development,especially regarding in fruit enlargement period of Jun-Aug.On 1 400-1 500 meters the beginning in the early 90s rising temperatures enhanced suitability degree of temperature conditions in the Apple expanding period,while reducing suitability degree on 1 100 m,explanation after 90s the temperature rose to make Apple＇s high-quality areas were enhanced 100 m in Tianshui.Although average precipitation of years in basic state can meet the normal growth of apple,but the lack of precipitation in most years was still to influence major adverse factor in Apple＇s expanding period.In different height of apple-growing areas,the sunshine conditions were very suitable for apple growth,enlargement and coloring.The range of sugar content was superior quality areas of high-sugar compared with all parts of the country in 1 100-1 500 meters above sea level.

关 键 词：天水 花牛苹果 气候资源 评估 

分 类 号：S162.55[农业科学—农业气象学]