施肥对红壤旱地和稻田土壤可培养微生物和微生物生物量磷的影响  

Effects of Application of Fertilization on Culturable Microorganisms and Microbial Biomass Phosphorus in Upland and Paddy Soils of Red Earth Region

作　　者：盛荣[1,2] 肖和艾[1] 丁龙君[1] 张洪霞[1,2] 谢小立[1] 陈安磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学生物安全科技学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2010年第5期626-629,共4页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(编号:KZCX2-YW-437);国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:40771116);国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2008BADA7B09)

摘　　要：选择位于湖南桃源的红壤旱地和稻田长期施肥田间定位试验,研究了不施肥(CK)、施NPK(NPK)、施NPK+稻草(NPK+Str)或施NPK+稻草+绿肥(NPK+Str+GM)对旱地和稻田土壤可培养细菌和真菌及土壤微生物生物量磷的影响。结果表明,在旱地土壤中,NPK+Str处理土壤可培养真菌数量和微生物生物量磷比CK和NPK处理显著增加,而CK、NPK和NPK+Str处理土壤可培养细菌基本相同。在稻田土壤中,NPK+Str+GM处理土壤可培养真菌和细菌数量及微生物生物量磷比CK和NPK处理均显著增加,但土壤可培养细菌数量的增加幅度明显大于可培养真菌。由此推断,施稻草后旱地土壤微生物生物量磷的增加可能主要来源于真菌,而施稻草和紫云英对稻田土壤中微生物生物量磷的增加可能主要来源于细菌。An upland and paddy soil samples of red earth region were collected from various treatments of a long-term fertilization experiment in Hunan, China.And the culturable bacteria, fungi and amount of microbial biomass phosphorus （MB-P） were analyzed.The results indicated that combined application of straw and chemical fertilizers （NPK-Str） significantly increased the amount of culturable fungi and MB-P compared with the treatment of no fertilization （CK） and chemical fertilizers （NPK） in upland soils.Whereas there＇s no significant difference of culturable bacteria among the treatment of CK、NPK and NPK-Str in upland soils.It suggested that fungi possibly played a key role in the phosphorus transformation of upland soils amended with rice straw.However, combined application of straw and chemical fertilizers with addition of astragalus （NPK-Str-GM） significantly increased the amount of culturable fungi, bacteria and MB-P in paddy soils, especially, the enhancement level of culturable bacteria was much higher than that of fungi, in comparison with the treatment of CK and NPK.Consequently, this study demonstrates that bacterial and fungi likely play different roles on microbial biomass P in upland and paddy soils.That is bacteria may contribute on the MB-P which application of rice straw and organic green manure （astragalus） in paddy soils, however, fungi only play a majorrole in upland soil with the application of rice straw.

关 键 词：红壤 旱地 稻田 可培养微生物 微生物生物量磷 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学] S154.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]