土大黄的分布与云南省滇西北高山草地植物物种多样性的关系  

Relationships of Rumex nepalensis distribution and plant species diversity of alpine rangeland in northwestern Yunnan Province

作　　者：申时才 David Melick 钱洁[2] 张付斗[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南省生物多样和传统知识研究会,云南昆明650034 [2]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南昆明650204 [3]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《草业科学》2010年第8期29-33,共5页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：加拿大国际发展研究中心(103642)

摘　　要：2009年9月,用点样法调查了云南省滇西北贡山县迪麻村色娃龙巴高山牧场的4种不同土大黄(Rumexnepalensis)覆盖率群落的空间垂直分布,并采用Shannon’s多样性指数(H)和平均数(EH)对物种和群落多样性进行了分析。结果表明,调查的草地群落里共有25种牧草资源;土大黄覆盖率与毛囊苔草(Carexinanis)和银叶委陵菜(Potentillaleuconota)覆盖率呈负相关,与拉拉藤(Galiumaparine var.echino-spermu)和中华水芹(Oenanthe sinense)覆盖率呈正相关(P<0.05);中等和中上等的土大黄覆盖率群落里具有最高的物种丰富度(19、17)、物种多样性指数(2.40、2.32)和物种均衡性(0.82、0.82),其次是高等的土大黄覆盖率群落,低等的土大黄覆盖率群落里则具有最低的物种丰富度(15)和物种多样性指数(1.98)。然而,低等的土大黄覆盖率群落里具有最高的总物种密度(15.65)。这些结果表明,土大黄对高山草地植物物种多样性的影响并不明显,造成物种多样性变化的主要原因是家畜的放牧强度和频率。The spatial distribution of 4 different kinds of Rumex nepalensis cover community in Sewalongba Valley,an important alpine summer rangeland in Dimaluo village,Gongshan County,northwest Yunnan Province,were investigated with the point quatrats in September 2009;their community diversity and species diversity were analyzed by Shannon＇s Diversity Index（H） and Equitability（evenness）（EH）.The research found that there were 25 species within the study plots.The cover of Rumex was positively correlated with Carex inanis and Potentilla leuconota,whereas it was negative correlated with Galium aparine var.echinospermu Cufodontis and Oenanthe sinense.The moderate and moderate-high Rumex areas had the highest species richness and diversity and high species evenness,followed by the high Rumex areas.The lowest species richness and diversity was in the low Rumex sites,but it had the highest total species density.These results indicated that the effect of Rumex on plant species diversity is not quite so clear,and the main reasons for the rangeland plant diversity losses are the grazing intensity and frequency.

关 键 词：土大黄 分布 滇西北 植物物种多样性 高山草地 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学] Q948.12[农业科学—畜牧学]