解草酯及二氯丙烯胺对烟嘧磺隆和硝磺草酮药害的解毒效应研究  

Study on the Detoxication Effects of Cloquintocet-mexyl and Dichlormid on Phytotoxicity of Nicosulfuron and Mesotrione on Maize

作　　者：张全国[1] 杨利华[1] 董金皋[2] 张金林[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北石家庄050031 [2]河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2010年第9期63-65,67,共4页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部科技支撑项目(2007BAD69B09-04)

摘　　要：以郑单958玉米品种为试材,研究了夏玉米在5展叶期大量使用苗后除草剂烟嘧磺隆和硝磺草酮的药害及其对夏玉米产量等性状的影响,以及加施解毒剂解草酯与二氯丙烯胺对2种除草剂药害的解毒效应。结果表明：单施4%烟嘧磺隆油悬剂1 500 mL/hm2,7~8展叶期直观受害苗占35.4%,成株期株高、穗位高分别降低12.76 cm和7.97 cm,减产率6.81%;单施10%硝磺草酮悬浮剂1 500 mL/hm2,7~8展叶期直观受害苗占10.1%,成株期株高、穗位高分别增高9.17 cm和12.20 cm,减产率2.69%。在喷施除草剂时加施150 mL/hm2的解草酯或二氯丙烯胺,均不能缓解大量使用2种除草剂导致的药害,反而使受害苗率略有增加,产量进一步降低。施用硝磺草酮及二氯丙烯胺均降低玉米的抗倒伏能力。The phytotoxicity of using large quantity of nicosulfuron and mesotrione on maize at 5 leaf stage,the effects on the yield of maize,and the detoxification effects of cloquintocet-mexyl and dichlormid were studied.The results showed that using 4% nicosulfuron 1 500 mL/hm2,the phytotoxicity rate during 7-8 leaf stage accounted for 35.4%,the plant height and ear height at adult stage reduced by 12.76 cm and 7.97 cm,respectively,and the yield reduced by 6.81%.Using 10% mesotrione 1 500 mL/hm2,the phytotoxicity rate during 7-8 leaf stage accounted for 10.1%,the plant height and ear height at adult stage increased by 9.17 cm and 12.20 cm,respectively,and the yield reduced by 2.69%.The application of cloquintocet-mexyl or dichlormid 150 mL/hm2could not relieve the phytotoxicity,while the phytotoxicity rate slightly increased a little,the yield further reduced,and the lodging resistance decreased.

关 键 词：玉米 烟嘧磺隆 硝磺草酮 药害 抗倒性 产量 解草酯 二氯丙烯胺 解毒效应 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]