农业秸秆半纤维素分离及纯化技术研究进展  

Progress in Isolation and Purification of Hemicelluloses from Agricultural Straw

作　　者：任俊莉[1] 彭锋[1] 彭新文[1] 孙润仓[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《纤维素科学与技术》2010年第3期56-67,76,共13页Journal of Cellulose Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(973计划)(2010CB732201);广东省教育厅学科建设专项资金项目;华南理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目;华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室青年教师基金项目;华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验开放基金项目;华南理工大学自然科学青年基金项目

摘　　要：我国是农业大国,每年有大量的农业秸秆没有完全充分利用。农业秸秆中半纤维素含量一般在28%～35%之间。在秸秆细胞壁中,半纤维素与木质素之间有化学键的联接,与纤维素之间有氢键的联接,因此限制了半纤维素从细胞壁中的分离。分离半纤维素的技术有化学法、机械法与化学法相结合、热处理法、膜分离等,但到目前为止还没有一种分离技术能够较完整地将半纤维素从植物细胞壁中分离出来。文章综述近年来农业秸秆半纤维素的分离技术,并提出了存在的主要问题。China is one of the biggest agricultural countries in the world,and the great amount of agricultural straw has not been utilized completely every year.Agriculture straw contains 28%～ 35% hemicelluloses.Hemicelluloses in the cell wall of agricultural straw connect with lignin by chemical bonds and with cellulose by hydrogen bonds.So it becomes difficult to separate hemicelluloses from the cell wall.Up to now many technologies of the hemicelluloses isolation have been developed such as chemical method,the combination of chemical method and mechanical method,heat treatments,and membrane methods.So far there has not yet been one technology to completely separate pure hemicelluloses with intact structure from the cell wall.The progress in the isolation methods and the purification methods of hemicelluloses from agricultural straw are reviewed in this paper.Moreover,their existing problems are also mentioned.

关 键 词：秸秆 半纤维素 分离 纯化 

分 类 号：O636.1[理学—高分子化学]