基于ASTER遥感图像的东昆仑造山带岩性信息提取研究  

EXTRACTION OF LITHOLOGIC INFORMATION FROM THE EAST KULUN OROGENIC BELT USING ASTER REMOTE SENSING IMAGE

作　　者：高万里[1] 张绪教[1] 王志刚[2] 张紫程[1] 张耀玲[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院遥感应用研究所,北京100101 [3]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《地质力学学报》2010年第1期59-69,共11页Journal of Geomechanics

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(1212010711510)资助

摘　　要：应用ASTER数据,通过主成分分析和矿物指数等岩性信息提取方法,对东昆仑造山带温泉水库地区进行了岩性信息的遥感识别与提取。研究结果表明,主成分图像和矿物指数图能很好地反映岩石物质组成信息。元古宇结晶灰岩、二叠系灰岩、中三叠统闹仓坚沟组砂岩以及上三叠统八宝山组碎屑岩等分布面积较大的岩石地层单位在ASTER图像上可以识别出来。ASTER图像对基岩裸露区岩性信息进行提取是行之有效的方法,特别是碳酸盐岩及具有不同SiO2含量的沉积岩和火山岩;但对厚度较小的岩性识别及岩石蚀变还需要进一步研究。By using ASTER data and such methods for extraction of lithologic information as major composition image and the mineral index,a discrimination for and extraction of lithologic information has been made in the Wenquan Reservoir area of the East Kunlun orogenic belt.The results show that the major composition image and the mineral index can well reveal the composition of rocks.Clearly shown on ASTER images are lithostratigraphic units covering a relatively large area,including Proterozoic crystalline limestone,the limestone in Permian Malzheng Formation,the sandstone in Middle Triassic Naocangjiangou Formation and the clastic rocks in Upper Triassic Babaoshan Formation.ASTER images would prove to be an effective method for extraction of lithologic information in bedrock exposed areas,especially for carbonate rocks as well as sedimentary and volcanic rocks with varying SiO2 contents.But for the rock units of small thickness or altered rocks,the methods need to be improved.

关 键 词：高级星载热发射和反射辐射计(ASTER) 岩性提取 主成分分析 矿物指数 东昆仑造山带 

分 类 号：P627[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]