量子计算机的发展现状与趋势  

Present Status and Trends of Development of Quantum Computers

作　　者：郭光灿[1] 周正威[1] 郭国平[1] 涂涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学中国科学院量子信息重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2010年第5期516-524,共9页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

摘　　要：量子计算机是一种新型的运算工具,它具有强大的并行处理数据的能力,可解决现有计算机难以运算的数学问题,因此,它成为世界各国战略竞争的焦点。本文综述了量子计算机目前的发展状况和可扩展、可容错的量子计算机物理体系的实验研究进展,并分析了美国最近启动研制量子芯片的微型曼哈顿计划对我国构成的严峻挑战。Based on the peculiar quantum property,quantum computer provides the mankind with a new type of operational tool,which has a powerful capability for parallel processing of data to be able to allow it to tackle problems that are intractable on the existing computers.Therefore,it has become a focus of worldwide strategic competition.This paper gives an overview of the development status of quantum computer and the advances of the experimental researches in the physical system of extendable and fault-tolerant quantum computer.In particular,the paper analyzes the severe challenge presented to China by the recent starting of the development of mini-Manhattan Project on quantum chips supported by US Government and military funding agencies.

关 键 词：量子信息 量子计算机 量子芯片 微型曼哈顿计划 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理] TP38[理学—物理]