酶联免疫法检测弓形体感染初探  

Diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii Infection with ELISA

作　　者：古醒辉[1] 曾劲峰[2] 王露楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市血液中心检验科,广东深圳518000 [2]卫生部临检中心

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2010年第9期1860-1862,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的酶联免疫法正确有效诊断弓形体急性感染。方法对4 500例无偿献血者血浆样本分别检测弓形体IgM抗体、IgG抗体,对IgM抗体阳性和IgM抗体阴性且IgG抗体阳性的样本检测其IgG抗体亲合力。结果 4 500例样本中,弓形体IgM抗体阳性率为0.51%,IgG抗体阳性率为1.53%。其中22例为IgM(+)IgG(+),1例为IgM(+)IgG(-),47例为IgM(-)IgG(+),4 430例为IgM(-)IgG(-)。在对69例弓形体IgG(+)的样本进行IgG亲合力检测时,IgM(+)IgG(+)的22例样本中2例为IgG中等亲合力抗体,3例为IgG高亲合力抗体,但这5例样本的IgM抗体均为可疑,可能由于IgM抗体常年保持低水平,并非正处于弓形体急性感染期;IgG(+)IgM(-)的47例样本中,3例为IgG低亲合力抗体,可能由于其中的弓形体IgM抗体在急性感染期后期,IgM抗体滴度太低无法检测到,仍可判定为处于急性感染期。最终确定弓形体急性感染的样本为20例,感染率0.44%。结论可同时检测弓形体IgM抗体和弓形体IgG抗体亲合力来诊断弓形体感染,IgM抗体阳性或IgG抗体低亲合力的样本均可判定为弓形体急性感染。Objective To correctly and effectively diagnose Toxoplasma gondii infection with ELISA. Methods Totally 4,500 samples of blood donors were used to detect Toxoplasma gondii IgM antibody and IgG antibody,then IgM positive,IgM negative and IgG positive samples were detected IgG avidity. Results Among 4,500 samples,the positive rate of Toxoplasma gondii IgM was 0.51%,and the positive rate of Toxoplasma gondii IgG was 1.53%.There were 22 samples of IgM（＋） and IgG（＋）,1 sample of IgM（＋） and IgG（-）,47 samples of IgM（-） and IgG（＋）,and 4,430 samples of IgM（-） and IgG（-）.Among the 69 samples of IgG-positive,5 samples of 22 IgM-positive samples,which were doubtful IgM and with 2 mediums and 3 high IgG avidities,were not the acute infection due to the IgM at perennial low level.Among the 47 samples of IgM-negative and IgG-positive,3 samples,which were with IgG low avidity,were in the primary infection of Toxoplasma gondii due to the lower IgM titers.In all,there were 20 samples in acute period of Toxoplasma gondii infection,the total infection rate was 0.44% among the 4,500 donators. Conclusions Through simultaneously determining the avidities of IgM and IgG antibodies,we can diagnose Toxoplasma gondii infection correctly.

关 键 词：弓形体 IGM抗体 IGG抗体 IgG抗体亲合力 酶联免疫法 

分 类 号：R531.8[医药卫生—内科学]