烟草形态和光合生理对减弱UV-B辐射的响应  

Responses of Nicotiana tabacum morphology and photosynthetic physiology to reduced ultraviolet-B radiation.

作　　者：钟楚[1] 王毅 陈宗瑜[1] 董卓娅[1] 颜侃[1] 简少芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明650201 [2]红塔集团技术中心,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2010年第9期2358-2366,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局项目(110200801034)资助

摘　　要：在云南较高海拔烟区,通过大棚覆膜减弱UV-B辐射,研究了烟草品种K326生理成熟期、工艺成熟期和生理成熟向工艺成熟的过渡期形态和光合生理对减弱UV-B辐射(T175.74%、T270.08%、T330.39%)的响应.结果表明:减弱UV-B辐射显著增加了K326的茎高和节间距,在T2下茎高和节间距较大;与自然环境处理(CK)相比,T1和T2降低了K326的净光合速率、同化能力、水分利用率、内在水分利用率、光合色素和类黄酮含量及比叶重等,但T1各指标大于T2.影响T1和T2净光合速率的因素有气孔因素和非气孔因素,以非气孔因素为主,气孔调节能力较低导致的蒸腾速率增大是造成两处理水分利用率较低的主要原因.T3处理在生理成熟期和过渡期对净光合速率、同化能力、水分利用率、内在水分利用率和光合色素均有一定的促进作用,而比叶重和类黄酮则处于最低水平,工艺成熟期的光合色素降解也较其他处理快.By the method of canopy film-covering to reduce UV-B radiation,this paper studied the responses of the morphology and photosynthetic physiology of Nicotiana tabacum cultivar K326 at its physiological,technical,and physiological-technical transitional maturity stages in high-elevation tobacco-growing area of Yunnan.Three treatments were installed,i.e.,reducing 75.74%（T1）,70.08%（T2）,and 30.39%（T3） of natural solar UV-B radiation.Reducing UV-B radiation increased the stem height and the internode distance of K326 significantly,with the larger values in T2.Comparing with those under natural UV-B radiation condition,the leaf net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,assimilation capacity（AC）,water use efficiency（WUE）,intrinsic water use efficiency（WUEi）,photosynthetic pigments（PP） and flavonoids（FL） contents,and specific leaf mass（SLM） in T1 and T2 all decreased,with larger decrement in T2.The factors affecting the Pn in T1 and T2 were stomatal and non-stomatal,and the latter was the main one.The major reason of the lower WUE in T1 and T2 was due to the increase of transpiration rate（Tr） caused by low stomatal regulation capability.In T3,the Pn, AC,WUE,WUEi,and PP increased but the FL and PP decreased to the lowest levels at physiological and transitional maturity stages,and the PP degradation rate was faster at the technical maturity stage.

关 键 词：减弱UV-B辐射 烟草 形态 光合作用 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]