吉林省心脑血管疾病与气象条件关系分析和预报研究  

Study and Analysis of Relationship Between CVD and Weather Conditions and the Establishment of Medical Forecast in Jilin Province

作　　者：张书余[1] 王宝鉴[2] 谢静芳[3] 秦元明[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,兰州730020 [2]兰州中心气象台,兰州730020 [3]吉林省专业气象台,长春130056 [4]吉林省气象局,长春130056

出　　处：《气象》2010年第9期106-110,共5页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家自然基金面上项目-冷空气对心脑血管疾病的影响及其机制研究(40975069)

摘　　要：利用吉林省部分地区医院病例资料及气象资料,分析了吉林省心脑血管疾病与气象条件的关系。结果发现:心脑血管疾病的复发、加重与气象条件有一定的关系,但不同的患者对天气变化的敏感性有一定的差异。在各种天气条件中,以气压低、感觉闷热的影响最为显著,确认率达74%。不论冬半年还是夏半年,长春市气压和气温的大幅变化都易引起冠心病复发,较大幅度的气压升高、气温下降对脑出血、脑梗塞不利,高血压主要与气压的波动、相对湿度关系较为密切。辽源市心脑血管疾病在日平均气温和极端气温下降、气压上升时发病人数增加。气象要素影响心脑血管疾病的机理分析表明:高温、高湿天气将造成心排出量增加,心功能减弱,心排血量降低;强降温将导致人体内的肾上腺素水平上升,从而造成心律加快,血压升高,同时寒冷刺激可使交感神经过度兴奋,诱发冠状动脉痉挛甚至心肌梗死。最后,建立了长春市和辽源市医疗气象预报模型。Based on the clinical data of Jilin Province several hospitals and the corresponding meteorological data,this study has analyzed the relationship between CVD（cardio-cerebral vascular disease） and the weather conditions in Jilin Province.Results show that the recurrence and the aggravation of CVD have a certain relationship to the weather conditions,and different patients have different sensitivities to the weather changes.Among all the weather conditions,the impact of low air pressure and feeling of sultriness over the CVD are the most significant,with a confirmation rate of 74%.Whether in winter half year or summer half year,in Changchun City,both the sharp changes in air pressure and temperature are prone to cause coronary heart disease relapse,the relatively huge rise of air pressure and fall of air temperature are unfavorable to cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction,and the high blood pressure is mainly related to air pressure fluctuations and relatively humid weather.In Liaoyuan City,the incidence of CVD increases along with the falling of average daily temperature,dropping of extreme temperature and rise of air pressure.Through the analysis of meteorological factors in the development of CVD,we also found that high-temperature and high humidity weather can lead to the increase of cardiac output and cardiac load,eventually result in the falling of cardiac function.Besides,strong temperature drop can cause the rise of body＇s adrenaline level,resulting in accelerated heart rate and blood pressure,and the stimulation of coldness can induce the over-excitement of sympathetic nerve,producing coronary spasm or even myocardial infarction.Finally,the medical weather forecasting model was established in Changchun and Liaoyuan City.

关 键 词：吉林省 心脑血管疾病 气象条件 医疗气象预报 

分 类 号：Q463[生物学—生理学]