惠州市某区宝石加工作业工人肺功能测定分析  

Lung Function Test of Gem Processing Workers in A District of Huizhou City

作　　者：李琼燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省惠州市惠阳区疾病预防控制中心,516211

出　　处：《职业与健康》2010年第19期2191-2192,共2页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解惠州市某区宝石加工作业工人的肺功能损害情况。方法 2009年7月惠阳区疾病预防控制中心对该区宝石加工厂接尘工龄1a以上的214名男工进行肺功能测定,其中切石工人127例,打磨工人87例;另选择该厂的61名非接尘男工作为对照组;并对宝石加工厂空气中粉尘浓度进行测定。结果该宝石加工厂空气中矽尘浓度超标率超过77%,最高超标为9倍。矽尘中游离SiO2含量平均为47.29%。接尘组肺通气功能的异常率显著高于对照组(P<0.01),用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力肺活量(FEV1.0)、第1秒用力肺活量与用力肺活量之比(FEV1.0/FVC)、肺活量(VC)、最大呼气中期流速(FEF25-75)、最大呼气25%、50%、75%肺活量时流量(FEF25、FEF50、FEF75)均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论该宝石加工作业粉尘可致工人肺功能一定程度的损伤,应做好预防工作。[Objective] To understand the lung function damage of gem processing workers in a district of Huizhou City.[Methods]Huiyang District CDC conducted lung function test on 214 male workers （127 engaged in gem cutting,87 engaged in polishing）with more than 1 year of dust exposure from a gem processing factory in July 2009; anther 61 male workers without dust exposure were selected as control group. The air dust concentration in this plant was determined[Results]The over standard rate of air silica dust concentration was over 77%, the maximum was 9 times of the standard. The average free SiO2 content was 47.29%.The abnormal rate of pulmonary function of exposed group was significantly higher than that of the control group（P0.01）. FVC, first second FVC （FEV1.0）, first second FVC and FVC ratio （FEV1.0/FVC）, vital capacity （VC）, maximum mid-expiratory flow rate （FEF25-75）, peak expiratory 25%,50%,75% of vital capacity flow rate （FEF25,FEF50,FEF75） of the exposed group were significantly lower than those of the control group （P0.01）.[Conclusion]Gem processing dust can cause lung function damage on workers with exposure. Therefore, preventive measures should be taken well.

关 键 词：宝石加工 粉尘 肺功能 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]