国产姜科28种植物根解剖结构分析及其系统学意义  

Analyses of Anatomic Structure and Their Systematic Significances of Zingiberaceous Roots of 28 Species in China

作　　者：唐源江[1] 廖景平[2] 吴七根[2] 

机构地区：[1]华侨大学生物工程与技术系,福建厦门361021 [2]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2010年第9期1821-1833,共13页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院华南植物园创新启动项目(200705);华侨大学高层次人才引进项目(09BS506)

摘　　要：对国产姜科（Zingiberaceae）14属28种植物的根进行了解剖结构的比较分析,结果显示：（1）姜科植物的根由外到内均可分为表皮、皮层及维管柱。（2）表皮：一般均由一层表皮细胞组成,大多具表皮毛,表皮细胞轻度木质化。（3）皮层：是由薄壁细胞构成的基本组织,细胞层数较多,少的有15~16层,多的达45层;根据皮层的细胞特点及位置可将皮层分为从内到外的外皮层、中皮层和内皮层。其中：外皮层由1~9层不等的薄壁细胞组成,细胞排列紧密,无间隙,胞壁略栓质化;构成中皮层的细胞或为大型薄壁细胞,细胞不规则,含少量淀粉粒;或为大中型、圆形、椭圆形或不规则形,含大量淀粉粒、方晶等晶体;或为小型薄壁细胞,一般圆形至椭圆形、方形、长方形。中皮层均有油细胞分布;内皮层均由一层细胞构成,大多数具U-形增厚。（4）维管柱：一般由中柱鞘、维管组织和髓组成。其中：中柱鞘由一层与内皮层平行排列的薄壁细胞构成,细胞略切向延长;木质部脊数为多原型;一般具髓,但髓在组织构成和后含物的有无方面存在差异。（5）本研究结果支持依据分子证据将原姜科4族划分为2亚科的结论,但对其各亚科所涵盖的族和属的范围不完全支持,特别是不支持将原姜花族、舞花姜族和姜族放在一起称为姜亚科的观点;在族级水平方面,姜属植物根在上述特征上具有较高的一致性,且与其它类群界限清楚,因而根的解剖学特征也倾向于支持姜族独立。The comparative anatomy of roots in 14 genera and 28 species of Zingiberaceae in China was studied.The results show that：（1） the transverse section of zingiberaceous root can be divided into epidermis,cortex and stele from outside to inside.（2）Epidermis：It is one layer of cells slightly lignified and mostly with hairs in all examined species.（3）Cortex：The cortex is composed of parenchyma cells presenting 15～16 layers or more than 45 layers,and can divided into exodermis,middle cortex and endodermis according to the characteristics and location.Exodermis present as 1～9 layers of compact,suberized,but always thin-walled cells immediately below epidermis.Middle cortex generally consists of large parenchyma cells,the cells is irregular and contains a few starch grains;or consists of large and middle parenchyma cells,the outline of these cells which usually contain a lot of starch grains and prism present round,oblong or irregular,or consists of small parenchyma cells where starch grain is absent and the outline of these cells generally present as round,ellipse,square and oblong,the wall of parenchyma cells usually developed into reticulate thickening.The oil-cells can be found in all genera examined.Endodermis contains one layer of cells whose wall usually developing U-shaped thickening.（4）Stele：Including a thin-walled,1-layered pericycle,a polyarch arrangement of vascular tissues and parenchymatous medulla commonly occupying central stele.However,the differences of the medulla usually present in different genera.（5）The conclusion that ginger family was divided into two subfamilies and four tribes based on the molecular evidence was hold.However,the viewpoint that the subfamilies contain genera and tribes,respectively,especially,that ginger subfamily contained Globbeae,Hedychieae,and Zingibereae of the old systematics was hold incompletely or not hold.As for the tribe level,the characters of the roots in zingiber have more consistent,and the genus circumscription was clear as well as,s

关 键 词：姜科 根 解剖结构 系统学 

分 类 号：Q944.54[生物学—植物学]